Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Neuroepidemiology. 2012;38(3):130-7. doi: 10.1159/000335655. Epub 2012 Mar 15.
With aging, there is a parallel increase in the prevalence of dementia worldwide. The aim of this work is to determine the prevalence of dementia among the population of Al Kharga District, New Valley, Egypt.
Screening of all subjects aged ≥50 years (n = 8,173 out of 62,583 inhabitants) was done through a door-to-door survey by 3 neurologists, using a short standardized Arabic screening test and a modified Mini-Mental State Examination. Suspected cases were subjected to full clinical examination, psychometric assessment using the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, Geriatric Depression Scale, Hachinski Ischemic Score, DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria, neuroimaging, and laboratory investigations, when indicated.
The prevalence rate of dementia was 2.26% for the population aged ≥50 years. It increased steeply with age to a maximum of 18.48% for those aged ≥80 years. Alzheimer's disease (51.2%) was the most common subtype, followed by vascular dementia (28.7%), dementia due to general medical conditions (12.8%), and lastly dementia due to multiple etiologies (7.3%). Mild dementia was the commonest (53.7%).
Dementia is prevalent in Egypt as elsewhere. Detection through a door-to-door survey is the best method in developing countries for early detection of mild cases.
随着年龄的增长，全球痴呆症的患病率也呈平行上升趋势。本研究旨在确定埃及新谷省阿尔哈加尔地区的人口中痴呆症的患病率。
通过 3 名神经病学家进行上门调查，对所有年龄≥50 岁的受试者（62583 名居民中有 8173 名）进行筛查，使用简短的标准化阿拉伯语筛查测试和改良的 Mini-Mental State 检查。疑似病例接受了全面的临床检查、认知能力筛查工具、日常生活活动量表、老年抑郁量表、哈钦斯基缺血评分、DSM-IV-TR 诊断标准、神经影像学和实验室检查（如果需要）。
≥50 岁人群的痴呆症患病率为 2.26%。随着年龄的增长，患病率急剧上升，≥80 岁人群的患病率最高达到 18.48%。阿尔茨海默病（51.2%）是最常见的亚型，其次是血管性痴呆（28.7%）、由一般医疗条件引起的痴呆（12.8%），最后是由多种病因引起的痴呆（7.3%）。轻度痴呆最为常见（53.7%）。
与其他地方一样，痴呆症在埃及也很普遍。通过上门调查进行检测是发展中国家早期发现轻度病例的最佳方法。
