Schuman Catherine C, Attarian Hrayr P
Division of Psychology in the Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and Cambridge Health Alliance, Boston, MA, USA.
J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2012 Mar;19(1):65-76. doi: 10.1007/s10880-012-9297-0.
Although the basic function of sleep remains a mystery, insufficient sleep is associated with mood disturbance, fatigue and daytime lethargy, cognitive impairments, daytime behavior problems, academic problems, use of stimulants, work absenteeism, lost work production and an increase in healthcare utilization. The International Classification of Sleep Disorders distinguishes 90 different disorders, many of which can be effectively treated, but when left untreated can be costly in terms of quality of life, health and healthcare cost. Over the past 50 years we have become more effective in measuring sleep and have honed our treatments to better address the sleep disorders that most impact us. This article will focus on the three sleep disorders for which patients most frequently seek care, including insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and restless leg syndrome.
尽管睡眠的基本功能仍是个谜，但睡眠不足会导致情绪紊乱、疲劳和日间嗜睡、认知障碍、日间行为问题、学业问题、使用兴奋剂、旷工、工作效率低下以及医疗保健利用率增加。《国际睡眠障碍分类》区分出90种不同的睡眠障碍，其中许多睡眠障碍都可以得到有效治疗，但如果不加以治疗，会在生活质量、健康和医疗成本方面付出高昂代价。在过去50年里，我们在测量睡眠方面变得更加有效，并且改进了治疗方法，以更好地应对对我们影响最大的睡眠障碍。本文将重点关注患者最常寻求治疗的三种睡眠障碍，包括失眠、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征和不宁腿综合征。
