Integrating sleep management into clinical practice.

Although the basic function of sleep remains a mystery, insufficient sleep is associated with mood disturbance, fatigue and daytime lethargy, cognitive impairments, daytime behavior problems, academic problems, use of stimulants, work absenteeism, lost work production and an increase in healthcare utilization. The International Classification of Sleep Disorders distinguishes 90 different disorders, many of which can be effectively treated, but when left untreated can be costly in terms of quality of life, health and healthcare cost. Over the past 50 years we have become more effective in measuring sleep and have honed our treatments to better address the sleep disorders that most impact us. This article will focus on the three sleep disorders for which patients most frequently seek care, including insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and restless leg syndrome.