Parvaneh Shahriar, Cocks Errol
School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Centre for Research into Disability and Society, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Aust Occup Ther J. 2012 Apr;59(2):131-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1630.2012.01001.x. Epub 2012 Mar 14.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Community integration is the ultimate goal of rehabilitation of adults with acquired brain injury which has a high incidence in the Australian population. The literature shows a need for a more comprehensive framework for community integration. This study developed a descriptive community integration framework drawn from views of five stakeholder groups and was compared with four similar frameworks.
Thirty-seven experts in acquired brain injury, including practitioners, researchers, policy makers, people with acquired brain injury and family members participated. Using a Delphi method, an iterative process of surveys, interviews, and focus groups sought their views on community integration. Responses were analysed in three stages systematically to reduce a large quantity of raw data into a core set of descriptive themes. A final member checking process rated participants' agreement with the importance of each theme.
Seven themes were identified and described: Relationships, Community Access, Acceptance, Occupation, Being at Home, Picking up Life Again, and Heightened Risks and Vulnerability. Themes were congruent with elements of the frameworks from the literature.
Rich data came from the diverse stakeholders in the participant groups. Two unique themes reflected the importance of re-integration and recovering important aspects of previous lives, and identifying risks and vulnerabilities and providing safeguards. The framework reflected emphases that may be specific to acquired brain injury. It can be used as a basis for development of community integration programmes and outcome measures.
背景/目的：社区融入是澳大利亚人群中发病率较高的后天性脑损伤成年患者康复的最终目标。文献表明，需要一个更全面的社区融入框架。本研究基于五个利益相关者群体的观点制定了一个描述性社区融入框架，并与四个类似框架进行了比较。
37名后天性脑损伤专家参与其中，包括从业者、研究人员、政策制定者、后天性脑损伤患者及其家庭成员。采用德尔菲法，通过调查、访谈和焦点小组的迭代过程，征求他们对社区融入的看法。对回复进行了三个阶段的系统分析，以将大量原始数据提炼为一组核心描述性主题。最后的成员核对过程评估了参与者对每个主题重要性的认同程度。
确定并描述了七个主题：人际关系、社区参与、接纳、职业、居家、重新开始生活以及更高的风险和脆弱性。这些主题与文献中框架的要素一致。
丰富的数据来自参与群体中的不同利益相关者。两个独特的主题反映了重新融入和恢复以前生活重要方面的重要性，以及识别风险和脆弱性并提供保障措施的重要性。该框架反映了可能特定于后天性脑损伤的重点。它可作为制定社区融入计划和结果衡量指标的基础。
