Neuroscience Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St, Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Mol Pain. 2012 Mar 26;8:20. doi: 10.1186/1744-8069-8-20.
Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS), is a severely debilitating chronic condition that is frequently unresponsive to conventional pain medications. The etiology is unknown, however evidence suggests that nervous system sensitization contributes to enhanced pain in IC/PBS. In particular, central nervous system plasticity of glutamatergic signaling involving NMDA and metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) has been implicated in a variety of chronic pain conditions. Here, we test the hypothesis that mGluR5 mediates both non-inflammatory and inflammatory bladder pain or nociception in a mouse model by monitoring the visceromotor response (VMR) during graded bladder distention.
Using a combination of genetic and pharmacologic approaches, we provide evidence indicating that mGluR5 is necessary for the full expression of VMR in response to bladder distention in the absence of inflammation. Furthermore, we observed that mice infected with a uropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli (UPEC) develop inflammatory hyperalgesia to bladder distention, and that the selective mGluR5 antagonist fenobam [N-(3-chlorophenyl)-N'-(4,5-dihydro-1-methyl-4-oxo-1H-imidazole-2-yl) urea], reduces the VMR to bladder distention in UPEC-infected mice.
Taken together, these data suggest that mGluR5 modulates both inflammatory and non-inflammatory bladder nociception, and highlight the therapeutic potential for mGluR5 antagonists in the alleviation of bladder pain.
间质性膀胱炎/膀胱疼痛综合征(IC/PBS)是一种严重的使人衰弱的慢性疾病,通常对常规止痛药物没有反应。其病因尚不清楚,但有证据表明,神经系统敏化导致 IC/PBS 中疼痛加剧。特别是,涉及 NMDA 和代谢型谷氨酸受体(mGluRs)的中枢神经系统谷氨酸能信号转导的可塑性与各种慢性疼痛状况有关。在这里,我们通过监测分级膀胱扩张时的内脏运动反应(VMR)来测试 mGluR5 介导非炎症和炎症性膀胱疼痛或伤害感受的假设。
使用遗传和药理学方法的组合,我们提供的证据表明,mGluR5 是在没有炎症的情况下,对膀胱扩张的 VMR 完全表达所必需的。此外,我们观察到感染尿路致病性大肠杆菌(UPEC)的小鼠对膀胱扩张产生炎症性痛觉过敏,而选择性 mGluR5 拮抗剂芬巴姆[ N-(3-氯苯基)-N '-(4,5-二氢-1-甲基-4-氧代-1H-咪唑-2-基)脲],降低了 UPEC 感染小鼠对膀胱扩张的 VMR。
综上所述,这些数据表明 mGluR5 调节炎症和非炎症性膀胱伤害感受,突出了 mGluR5 拮抗剂在缓解膀胱疼痛方面的治疗潜力。