Centre for Applied Cross-Cultural Research and School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
Int J Psychol. 2012;47(5):325-34. doi: 10.1080/00207594.2011.647029. Epub 2012 Mar 27.
Environmental issues entail both a social conflict (private vs. public interests) and a temporal conflict (short- vs. long-term interests). This paper focuses on the role temporal concerns play in influencing environmental engagement by quantitatively integrating results of studies that assessed the associations between time perspective and proenvironmental attitudes and behaviors. The meta-analysis included a total of 19 independent samples and 6,301 participants from seven countries (Australia, Brazil, Germany, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, and the United States). Results showed that the associations between time perspective and proenvironmental behaviors were higher than those for proenvironmental attitudes. Supporting predictions, the associations between future time perspective and proenvironmental behaviors were strong and nontrivial compared to those for the combined past-present time perspective. The findings indicate that future time perspective seems to play an important role in influencing individuals' attitudes and behaviors towards the environment. Implications of the findings for theory and practice are discussed.
环境问题既涉及社会冲突（私人利益与公共利益），也涉及时间冲突（短期利益与长期利益）。本文通过定量整合评估时间观念与亲环境态度和行为之间关联的研究结果，重点探讨时间关注在影响环境参与方面所起的作用。元分析共纳入了来自七个国家（澳大利亚、巴西、德国、墨西哥、新西兰、挪威和美国）的 19 个独立样本和 6301 名参与者。结果表明，时间观念与亲环境行为之间的关联高于与亲环境态度之间的关联。研究结果支持了这样的预测，即未来时间观念与亲环境行为之间的关联比过去-现在时间观念的综合关联更强且更重要。研究结果表明，未来时间观念似乎在影响个体对环境的态度和行为方面起着重要作用。本文讨论了研究结果对理论和实践的意义。
