CENAR and Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:697603. doi: 10.1155/2012/697603. Epub 2012 Feb 13.
Lignosus rhinocerus, the tiger milk mushroom, is one of the most important medicinal mushrooms used by the indigenous people of Southeast Asia and China. It has been used to treat breast cancer. A cold water extract (LR-CW) prepared from the sclerotia of L. rhinocerus cultivar was found to exhibit antiproliferative activity against human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and human lung carcinoma (A549), with IC(50) of 96.7 μg/mL and 466.7 μg/mL, respectively. In comparison, LR-CW did not show significant cytotoxicity against the two corresponding human normal cells, 184B5 (human breast cell) and NL 20 (human lung cell). DNA fragmentation studies suggested that the cytotoxic action of LR-CW against cancer cells is mediated by apoptosis. Sephadex G-50 gel filtration fractionation of LR-CW yielded a high-molecular-weight and a low-molecular-weight fraction. The high-molecular-weight fraction contains mainly carbohydrate (68.7%) and small amount of protein (3.6%), whereas the low-molecular-weight fraction contains 31% carbohydrate and was devoid of protein. Only the high-molecular-weight fraction exhibited antiproliferative activity against cancer cells, with IC(50) of 70.0 μg/mL and 76.7 μg/mL, respectively. Thus, the cytotoxic action of the LR-CW is due to the high-molecular-weight fraction, either the proteins or protein-carbohydrate complex.
猪苓，虎奶菇，是东南亚和中国的土著人民使用的最重要的药用蘑菇之一。它已被用于治疗乳腺癌。从猪苓栽培的菌核中制备的冷水提取物（LR-CW）被发现对人乳腺癌（MCF-7）和人肺癌（A549）具有抗增殖活性，IC50 分别为 96.7μg/mL 和 466.7μg/mL。相比之下，LR-CW 对两种相应的人正常细胞（184B5（人乳腺细胞）和 NL 20（人肺细胞））没有表现出明显的细胞毒性。DNA 片段化研究表明，LR-CW 对癌细胞的细胞毒性作用是通过细胞凋亡介导的。LR-CW 的 Sephadex G-50 凝胶过滤分级分离得到了高分子量和低分子量部分。高分子量部分主要含有碳水化合物（68.7%）和少量蛋白质（3.6%），而低分子量部分含有 31%的碳水化合物，不含蛋白质。只有高分子量部分对癌细胞表现出抗增殖活性，IC50 分别为 70.0μg/mL 和 76.7μg/mL。因此，LR-CW 的细胞毒性作用归因于高分子量部分，无论是蛋白质还是蛋白质-碳水化合物复合物。
