Rittmueller Stacey E, Corriveau André, Sharma Sangita
Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Int J Circumpolar Health. 2012 Mar 19;71:17341. doi: 10.3402/ijch.v71i0.17341.
The present study aimed to assess dietary adequacy and quality among Inuvialuit alcohol consumers and non-consumers in the Northwest Territories (NWT), Canada.
Cross-sectional study.
A validated quantitative food frequency questionnaire was administered to individuals (n = 216) of randomly selected households in 3 NWT communities to capture dietary intake and alcohol consumption over a 30-day recall period. The daily energy and nutrient intake, dietary adequacy and the top food sources of energy and selected nutrients were determined by alcohol consumption status.
Energy intake was higher among all alcohol consumers regardless of gender. Male alcohol consumers had lower nutrient intake density (per 4,184 kJ) of protein, cholesterol and several micronutrients (p ≤ 0.05), and female alcohol consumers had lower intake density of saturated fat (p ≤ 0.01), thiamine, folate and sodium (p ≤ 0.05). Among all men and women, 70-100% had inadequate intakes of dietary fibre, vitamin E and potassium. Non-nutrient-dense foods contributed similar amounts and traditional foods (TF) contributed 3% less to energy comparing alcohol consumers to non-consumers.
Nutrient inadequacies are prevalent among Aboriginal populations in the Canadian Arctic and may be exacerbated by alcohol consumption due to alcohol's effects on dietary intake, nutrient transport and metabolism. Adult Inuvialuit who consumed alcohol had increased caloric intake and consumed similar amounts of non-nutrient-dense foods and less nutrient-dense TF. Fewer dietary inadequacies were observed among alcohol consumers than non-consumers, which might be due to the increase in overall food intake among alcohol consumers; however, further exploration of volume and pattern of drinking might help explain this result.
本研究旨在评估加拿大西北地区因纽维特族饮酒者和非饮酒者的饮食充足性和质量。
横断面研究。
对西北地区3个社区随机抽取家庭中的个体（n = 216）进行一份经过验证的定量食物频率问卷调查，以获取30天回忆期内的饮食摄入量和酒精消费量。根据饮酒状况确定每日能量和营养素摄入量、饮食充足性以及能量和选定营养素的主要食物来源。
无论性别，所有饮酒者的能量摄入量都较高。男性饮酒者的蛋白质、胆固醇和几种微量营养素的营养素摄入密度（每4184千焦）较低（p≤0.05），女性饮酒者的饱和脂肪、硫胺素、叶酸和钠的摄入密度较低（p≤0.01）。在所有男性和女性中，70 - 100%的人膳食纤维、维生素E和钾的摄入量不足。与非饮酒者相比，非营养密集型食物对能量的贡献相似，传统食物对能量的贡献少3%。
加拿大北极地区的原住民中营养不足情况普遍，饮酒可能会加剧这种情况，因为酒精会影响饮食摄入、营养素运输和代谢。饮酒的成年因纽维特人的热量摄入增加，食用的非营养密集型食物量相似，营养密集型传统食物较少。饮酒者中观察到的饮食不足情况比非饮酒者少，这可能是由于饮酒者总体食物摄入量增加；然而，进一步探讨饮酒量和饮酒模式可能有助于解释这一结果。
