Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 May;95(5):1031-7. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.024257. Epub 2012 Mar 28.
A topic of interest in the etiology of child obesity is whether and how parental feeding behaviors are associated with the food intake and weight status of children.
The objective was to explore whether and how directive (overt) and nondirective (covert and food environmental structure) types of parental feeding control were associated with children's food intake and weight status.
This was a cross-sectional exploratory study using structural equation modeling to determine directional associations between maternal feeding practices and children's food intake and weight status. Researchers collected data from 330 dyads of children aged 3-5 y and mothers participating in a federal preschool program for low-income families (Head Start) in Michigan. The mothers' feeding practices (directive and nondirective control), the children's food intakes, and the height and weight of both the mothers and children were measured. Structural equation models tested the relations between maternal feeding practices, the children's food intake, and weight status.
The structural equation model confirmed that children's weight status was inversely associated with mothers' directive control, and mothers' nondirective control was associated with children's intakes of more nutrient-dense foods and less energy-dense foods. No association was found between the mothers' directive control and the children's food intakes.
Mothers' use of nondirective feeding practices was associated with children's intakes of more nutrient-dense foods. However, use of more directive feeding control was associated with lower weight status in preschoolers of low-income mothers. These findings need to be examined in longitudinal studies. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01525186.
在儿童肥胖症的病因学中，一个备受关注的话题是父母的喂养行为是否以及如何与儿童的食物摄入和体重状况相关。
本研究旨在探讨指令性（显性）和非指令性（隐性和食物环境结构）类型的父母喂养控制与儿童食物摄入和体重状况之间的关联。
这是一项横断面探索性研究，使用结构方程模型来确定母亲喂养行为与儿童食物摄入和体重状况之间的方向关联。研究人员从密歇根州参与联邦低收入家庭学前教育计划（Head Start）的 330 对 3-5 岁儿童及其母亲中收集数据。测量了母亲的喂养行为（指令性和非指令性控制）、儿童的食物摄入量以及母亲和儿童的身高和体重。结构方程模型检验了母亲喂养行为、儿童食物摄入和体重状况之间的关系。
结构方程模型证实，儿童的体重状况与母亲的指令性控制呈负相关，而母亲的非指令性控制与儿童摄入更多营养密集型食物和更少能量密集型食物有关。母亲的指令性控制与儿童的食物摄入量之间没有关联。
母亲使用非指令性喂养行为与儿童摄入更多营养密集型食物有关。然而，使用更多指令性喂养控制与低收入母亲的学龄前儿童较低的体重状况有关。这些发现需要在纵向研究中进一步研究。本试验在 clinicaltrials.gov 注册，编号为 NCT01525186。
