Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Mol Carcinog. 2013 Sep;52(9):686-91. doi: 10.1002/mc.21907. Epub 2012 Mar 27.
Betanin, also called beetroot red, has been extensively used as a food colorant. In this study, the chemopreventive activity of betanin by oral consumption was investigated in two mouse lung tumor models. Vinyl carbamate (VC) and benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) were used to induce lung tumors, and female A/J mice were treated with betanin in drinking water. Betanin significantly decreased tumor multiplicity and tumor load induced by both carcinogens. Tumor multiplicity and tumor load were decreased by 20% and 39% in the VC lung model, and by 46% and 65% in the B(a)P lung model, respectively. Betanin reduced the number of CD31+ endothelial microvessels and increased the expression of caspase-3, suggesting that the lung tumor inhibitory effects were through induction of apoptosis and inhibition of angiogenesis. Betanin also induced apoptosis through activated caspase-3, -7, -9, and PARP in human lung cancer cell lines. Our data show that betanin significantly inhibits lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice and merits investigation as a chemopreventive agent for human lung cancer.
甜菜红又称甜菜根红，已被广泛用作食品着色剂。在这项研究中，通过口服甜菜红研究了其在两种小鼠肺癌模型中的化学预防活性。乙烯基氨基甲酸酯（VC）和苯并（a）芘（B（a）P）用于诱导肺癌，并用甜菜红处理雌性 A/J 小鼠饮用水。甜菜红显著降低了两种致癌剂诱导的肿瘤多发性和肿瘤负荷。VC 肺模型中肿瘤多发性和肿瘤负荷分别降低了 20%和 39%，B(a)P 肺模型中分别降低了 46%和 65%。甜菜红减少了 CD31+内皮微血管的数量，并增加了 caspase-3 的表达，表明肺肿瘤抑制作用是通过诱导细胞凋亡和抑制血管生成。甜菜红还通过激活 caspase-3、-7、-9 和 PARP 在人肺癌细胞系中诱导细胞凋亡。我们的数据表明，甜菜红可显著抑制 A/J 小鼠的肺癌发生，有必要将其作为人类肺癌的化学预防剂进行研究。
