Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India.
J Hazard Mater. 2012 May 30;217-218:141-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.03.005. Epub 2012 Mar 7.
Multiple biomarker systems have been frequently used to measure the genotoxic effects of environmental pollutants (including heavy metals) on living organisms. In this study, we used leaves of hydroponically grown 14 days old seedlings of rice (Oryza sativa) varieties (PB1 and IR64) treated with 50, 150 and 300 μM arsenite (As(III)) for 24 and 96 h duration. Reduction in seed germination, root-shoot length, chlorophyll and protein were observed with increasing As(III) concentration and duration in both varieties, being more in IR64. Increase/decrease of antioxidant enzymes and stress related parameters showed much changes at higher concentration for 24 and 96 h duration in both varieties. Eleven primers were found in RAPD analysis to produce polymorphic band pattern and produced a total of 51 (control), 79 (treated) and 42 (control) and 29 (treated) bands in PB1 and IR64 varieties, respectively. These results indicated that genomic template stability (GTS, changes in RAPD profile) was significantly affected at all tested As(III) concentration, when compared with other parameters. Differential response was observed in both varieties with PB1 being more tolerant. We concluded that DNA polymorphism detected by RAPD analysis in conjunction with other biochemical parameters could be a powerful eco-toxicological tool in bio-monitoring arsenic pollution.
多种生物标志物系统已被频繁用于测量环境污染物（包括重金属）对生物体的遗传毒性效应。在这项研究中，我们使用水培法培养的 14 天大的水稻（Oryza sativa）品种（PB1 和 IR64）的叶片，用 50、150 和 300 μM 亚砷酸盐（As(III)）处理 24 和 96 小时。随着 As(III)浓度和处理时间的增加，两种品种的种子发芽率、根-茎长度、叶绿素和蛋白质都减少，IR64 减少得更多。在两种品种中，抗氧化酶和应激相关参数的增加/减少在高浓度下 24 和 96 小时的处理时间内发生了更多变化。在 RAPD 分析中发现了 11 个引物，产生了多态性带型，分别在 PB1 和 IR64 品种中产生了 51 个（对照）、79 个（处理）、42 个（对照）和 29 个（处理）带。这些结果表明，与其他参数相比，在所有测试的 As(III)浓度下，基因组模板稳定性（GTS，RAPD 图谱的变化）都受到显著影响。两种品种都表现出不同的反应，其中 PB1 更具耐受性。我们得出结论，RAPD 分析检测到的 DNA 多态性与其他生化参数结合，可以成为砷污染生物监测的有力生态毒理学工具。
