Department of Sports, Center for Practical Knowledge, University of Nordland, Bodø, Norway.
J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Feb;27(2):302-9. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318254899f.
This study first aimed to examine strength, speed, and jumping abilities in 29 male and 29 female junior elite handball players and second to compare Under-18 and Under-16 players in the selected parameters. The players were chosen by the Norwegian Handball Federation, and all were tested in strength (squat and bench press), speed (10-, 30-, and 6 × 30-m repeated sprint ability), and jumping abilities (countermovement jump and squat jump [SJ]). Anthropometric qualities were also measured. Independent t-tests were applied to reveal possible mean differences between the U-18 and U-16 players within each sex. No significant differences in anthropometry were observed between the U18 and U16 players within either sex. Furthermore, we did not observe any significant between group differences among the male players in any of the tested performance parameters. On average, however, the U16 male (n = 14) players performed better in all the tests compared with in the U18 (n = 15) male players. Similarly, we did not find any significant differences in test performances between U18 female players and U16 female players. Still, a few trends (p ≤ 0.1) were observed because female U18 (n = 14) players were found to sprint faster on both 10 and 30 m and to jump higher in SJ vs. female U16 (n = 15) players. The empirical findings do not confirm the hypothesis of pubertal development and muscle growth leading to taller and heavier U18 players. Furthermore, we expected U18 players to perform better in all the tests when compared with U16 players. Again, the data did not substantiate this, although female U18 players tended to perform better in sprint and SJ compared with the U16 players.
本研究首先旨在检测 29 名男性和 29 名女性青少年精英手球运动员的力量、速度和跳跃能力，其次比较所选参数中 18 岁以下和 16 岁以下的运动员。这些运动员是由挪威手球联合会挑选的，所有人都接受了力量（深蹲和卧推）、速度（10 米、30 米和 6×30 米重复冲刺能力）和跳跃能力（反跳和深蹲跳[SJ]）的测试。还测量了人体测量学素质。独立 t 检验用于揭示每个性别中 U-18 和 U-16 运动员之间可能的平均差异。在任何性别中，U18 和 U16 运动员在人体测量学方面没有观察到显著差异。此外，我们在任何测试性能参数中都没有观察到男性运动员之间的任何组间差异。然而，U16 男性（n=14）运动员的平均表现优于 U18 男性（n=15）运动员。同样，我们在 U18 女性运动员和 U16 女性运动员之间的测试表现中没有发现任何显著差异。尽管如此，还是观察到了一些趋势（p≤0.1），因为与 U16 女性运动员（n=15）相比，U18 女性运动员（n=14）在 10 米和 30 米的冲刺速度更快，SJ 跳跃更高。实证研究结果不证实青春期发育和肌肉生长导致 U18 运动员更高、更重的假设。此外，我们期望 U18 运动员在所有测试中的表现都优于 U16 运动员。再次，尽管 U18 女性运动员在冲刺和 SJ 方面的表现往往优于 U16 运动员，但数据并未证实这一点。
