Herbert Wagner, Vanja Radic, Matthias Hinz
Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
Department of Sport Science, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.
Sports (Basel). 2025 Jun 19;13(6):193. doi: 10.3390/sports13060193.
Professional training in elite team handball academies is key to developing top players, yet its direct impact on physical performance remains unclear. This study aimed to (1) provide professional training to elite adolescent players and (2) assess performance improvements using a team handball-specific test. Thirty elite male players (six goalkeepers, 24 field players) participated in an 11-week program, with nine under-19 (17.2 ± 1.3 years) and nine under-17 (15.6 ± 0.9 years) field players completing at least 80% of sessions. All underwent pre- and post-testing using the game-based performance test. A two-way ANOVA analyzed differences between tests and age groups as well as playing positions. Significant improvements ( < 0.05) were found in defense and offense time and body weight for both groups. Under-17 players also showed a significant increase in peak oxygen uptake (+9%), ball velocity (+7%), and jump height (+20%). Agility in defense and offense improved in under-19 (+3%) and under-17 (+6%) players, aligning with training goals. Positional differences were observed between backcourt players and wings ( < 0.01) in the ball velocity, while all players showed improvements in both defense and offense performance. We suggest that professional and targeted specific training at this age has a significant impact on the long-term development of adolescent team handball players and is the basis for a professional handball career.
在精英青少年手球学院接受专业训练是培养顶级球员的关键，但这种训练对身体表现的直接影响仍不明确。本研究旨在：（1）为精英青少年球员提供专业训练；（2）使用手球专项测试评估表现提升情况。30名精英男性球员（6名守门员，24名场上球员）参加了为期11周的项目，其中9名19岁以下（17.2±1.3岁）和9名17岁以下（15.6±0.9岁）的场上球员完成了至少80%的训练课程。所有人都使用基于比赛的表现测试进行了前后测试。双向方差分析用于分析测试、年龄组以及比赛位置之间的差异。两组球员在防守和进攻时间以及体重方面均有显著改善（<0.05）。17岁以下的球员在最大摄氧量（+9%）、球速（+7%）和跳跃高度（+20%）方面也有显著提高。19岁以下（+3%）和17岁以下（+6%）球员在防守和进攻中的敏捷性有所提高，符合训练目标。在后场球员和边锋之间观察到球速存在位置差异（<0.01），而所有球员在防守和进攻表现上均有改善。我们认为，在这个年龄段进行专业且有针对性的特定训练对青少年手球运动员的长期发展有显著影响，是职业手球生涯的基础。
