Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Alicante University, 03690 Alicante, Spain.
Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL Foundation), 03010 Alicante, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 10;18(6):2837. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18062837.
Beach handball (BH) is a sport in which sporting performance is influenced, together with team interaction, by individual performance in terms of strength. Body composition is one of the main factors for sports performance and eating habits can condition this variable. The Mediterranean diet (MD) can significantly reduce the risk of mortality or cardiovascular disease. In addition, the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment carries out different campaigns to promote it among young athletes, establishing it as a suitable diet for sports.
The main aims of the study are to assess body composition, physical activity and adherence to the MD of beach handball players. It also aims to evaluate age group differences in male and female players, as well as studying the possible relationship between MD, body composition and performance variables.
A total of 59 Spanish BH players were recruited in the national championship of BH in the province of Alicante. Thirty-eight male (14 junior; 17.0 ± 0.1 years and 24 seniors; 25.5 ± 4.7 years) and twenty-one female (7 junior; 16.1 ± 1.46 years and 14 seniors; 23.2 ± 2.0 years) BH players participated in this study. The questionnaire to evaluate eating habits was Mediterranean diet adherence (KIDMED). Body composition was measured with electrical bioimpedance. Strength was evaluated by means of a maximum isometric handgrip test of the dominant hand with handgrip and height of jump by counter-jump on contact platform. In the statistical analysis, descriptions and correlations between the study variables were made.
In females, when the adherence to the MD is lower, the weight is higher, the lean body mass is lower and worse results are observed in performance tests. As for males, there are differences in weight and lean body mass according to category.
Adequate eating habits are related to the weight of beach handball athletes. In addition, specifically with junior players, it has been observed that adherence to the MD correlates with weight.
沙滩手球是一项运动，运动表现受到团队互动和个人力量表现的影响。身体成分是运动表现的主要因素之一，而饮食习惯可以影响这个变量。地中海饮食可以显著降低死亡或心血管疾病的风险。此外，西班牙农业、食品和环境部在年轻运动员中开展了不同的宣传活动，将其作为适合运动的饮食。
本研究的主要目的是评估沙滩手球运动员的身体成分、身体活动和对地中海饮食的依从性。它还旨在评估男女运动员在不同年龄组之间的差异，以及研究地中海饮食、身体成分和表现变量之间的可能关系。
共有 59 名西班牙沙滩手球运动员参加了在阿利坎特省举行的全国沙滩手球锦标赛。38 名男性（14 名青少年；17.0±0.1 岁和 24 名成年人；25.5±4.7 岁）和 21 名女性（7 名青少年；16.1±1.46 岁和 14 名成年人；23.2±2.0 岁）参加了这项研究。评估饮食习惯的问卷是地中海饮食依从性（KIDMED）。身体成分通过电阻抗法测量。力量通过握力计和接触平台上的反跳式最大等长手握力测试来评估。在统计分析中，对研究变量进行了描述和相关性分析。
在女性中，当对地中海饮食的依从性较低时，体重较高，瘦体重较低，运动表现测试结果较差。对于男性，根据类别，体重和瘦体重存在差异。
适当的饮食习惯与沙滩手球运动员的体重有关。此外，特别是对于青少年运动员，已经观察到对地中海饮食的依从性与体重相关。
