Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, PO Box 927, Dayton, OH 45401-0927, USA.
Med Teach. 2012;34(5):e275-87. doi: 10.3109/0142159X.2012.651179. Epub 2012 Apr 4.
Team-based learning™ (TBL) is an instructional strategy developed in the business school environment in the early 1990s by Dr Michaelsen who wanted the benefits of small group learning within large classes. In 2001, a US federal granting agency awarded funds for educators in the health sciences to learn about and implement the strategy in their educational programs; TBL was put forward as one such strategy and as a result it is used in over 60 US and international health science professional schools. TBL is very different from problem-based learning (PBL) and other small group approaches in that there is no need for multiple faculty or rooms, students must come prepared to sessions, and individual and small groups of students (teams) are highly accountable for their contributions to team productivity. The instructor must be a content-expert, but need not have any experience or expertise in group process to conduct a successful TBL session. Students do not need any specific instruction in teamwork since they learn how to be collaborative and productive in the process. TBL can replace or complement a lecture-based course or curriculum.
团队学习法（TBL）是一种教学策略，于 20 世纪 90 年代初在商学院环境中由迈克尔森博士开发，他希望在大班中实现小组学习的好处。2001 年，美国联邦拨款机构为健康科学领域的教育工作者提供资金，让他们了解并在教育计划中实施该策略；TBL 被提出作为一种策略，因此它被 60 多个美国和国际健康科学专业学校使用。TBL 与基于问题的学习（PBL）和其他小组方法非常不同，因为它不需要多个教师或房间，学生必须准备好参加课程，并且学生个人和小组（团队）对团队的生产力贡献负有高度责任。教师必须是内容专家，但不需要在小组过程方面有任何经验或专业知识即可进行成功的 TBL 课程。学生无需接受任何特定的团队合作指导，因为他们在这个过程中学会了如何进行协作和提高效率。TBL 可以替代或补充基于讲座的课程或课程。
