Symon Brian, Bammann Michael
University of Adelaide, South Australia.
Aust Fam Physician. 2012 Apr;41(4):226-9.
Current World Health Organization guidelines recommend exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life. Breastfeeding conveys clear benefits to both mother and child. These benefits are likely to be amplified by prolonged feeding.
This article outlines the emerging evidence that suggests possible benefits from introducing complementary solids from 4 months of age in developed countries.
The human gut may have a critical early window during which it has an opportunity to develop immunological tolerance. Introducing complementary solids from 4 months of age may decrease the risk of food allergy and coeliac disease - immunological illnesses that have become a public health priority. The new draft National Health and Medical Research Council guidelines recommend introducing solids at around 6 months (22-26 weeks). However, given recent evidence, it may be appropriate to recommend the introduction of solids from 4 months of age in the Australian context.
世界卫生组织当前的指导方针建议在生命的前6个月进行纯母乳喂养。母乳喂养对母亲和孩子都有明显益处。延长母乳喂养时间可能会放大这些益处。
本文概述了新出现的证据，这些证据表明在发达国家从4个月大开始引入辅食可能有潜在益处。
人类肠道可能有一个关键的早期窗口期，在此期间它有机会发展免疫耐受性。从4个月大开始引入辅食可能会降低食物过敏和乳糜泻的风险，这两种免疫性疾病已成为公共卫生重点。澳大利亚国家卫生与医学研究委员会的新指南草案建议在大约6个月（22 - 26周）时引入辅食。然而，鉴于最近的证据，在澳大利亚的情况下，建议从4个月大开始引入辅食可能是合适的。
