Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency - Weybridge, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom.
Vet Microbiol. 2012 Aug 17;158(3-4):308-15. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.03.004. Epub 2012 Mar 16.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is an endemic disease of pigs, caused by PRRS virus, a member of the Arteriviridae family. First seen in Britain in 1991, the disease continues to be a significant economic and welfare problem for pig producers. To date, only PRRSV genotype 1 has been found in Britain. At the genetic level, a considerable increase has been reported in the diversity of PRRS viruses isolated in Britain between 2003 and 2007, versus the early 1990 s. In this study, the diversity has been shown to extend to the antigenic level too, with potential consequences for diagnostic methods. Antigenic diversity was assessed using a panel of twelve monoclonal antibodies, only one of which reacted with all isolates tested. Nine diverse viruses were compared as potential antigens in immunoperoxidase monolayer assays, where each one produced quite different results for a common panel of sera. As a single virus is used in each diagnostic assay, results must therefore be interpreted cautiously. For a real-time RT-PCR assay, published oligonucleotide primer and probe sequences were evaluated against available genetic sequences of British and European viruses, and were re-designed where considerable mismatches were found. The multiplex assay incorporating these modified primers to detect genotype 1 and 2 PRRS viruses was then validated for use with diagnostic sera and tissues. As the increasing degree of diversity exhibited by British strains is mirrored in other countries, PRRSV will continue to provide an ongoing challenge to diagnosis at a global, as well as national level.
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（PRRS）是一种猪的地方病，由动脉炎病毒科的 PRRS 病毒引起。该疾病于 1991 年在英国首次出现，至今仍是养猪户面临的重大经济和福利问题。迄今为止，英国仅发现 PRRSV 基因型 1。在遗传水平上，据报道，2003 年至 2007 年期间，英国分离的 PRRS 病毒多样性显著增加，与 90 年代初相比有所增加。在这项研究中，多样性也扩展到了抗原水平，这对诊断方法可能产生潜在影响。使用十二株单克隆抗体评估了抗原多样性，只有一株与所有测试的分离株发生反应。将九种不同的病毒作为免疫过氧化物酶单层测定中的潜在抗原进行比较，其中每种病毒对常见的血清组都会产生截然不同的结果。由于每个诊断检测中都使用了单一病毒，因此必须谨慎解释结果。对于实时 RT-PCR 检测，针对英国和欧洲病毒的可用遗传序列评估了已发表的寡核苷酸引物和探针序列，并在发现大量错配的情况下对其进行了重新设计。然后，对包含这些改良引物的多重检测进行了验证，以用于诊断血清和组织。由于英国毒株表现出的多样性程度不断增加，在其他国家也是如此，因此 PRRSV 将继续在全球范围内以及在国家层面上对诊断构成持续挑战。
