Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2012 May;67(3):354-61. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbs036. Epub 2012 Apr 3.
Data from the Healthy Aging Network (HAN) study (Prohaska, T., Eisenstein, A., Satariano, W., Hunter, R., Bayles, C., Kurtovich, E., … Ivey, S. [2009]. Walking and the preservation of cognitive function in older populations. The Gerontologist, 49[Suppl. 1], S86-S93; and Satariano, W., Ivey, S., Kurtovich, E., Kealey, M., Hubbard, A., Bayles, C., … Prohaska, T. [2010]. Lower-body function, neighborhoods, and walking in an older population. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 38, 419-428.) were used to examine the relationships among physical activity, self-efficacy, functional performance, and limitations.
Interviews were conducted within homes and senior centers in 4 geographic regions across the United States. Participants were 884 older adults (M age = 74.8; 77% female; 35% minority status) who completed measures of walking behavior, way-finding self-efficacy, walking self-efficacy, functional performance, functional limitations, and demographic characteristics.
Path analysis within a covariance modeling framework revealed significant direct effects of walking on self-efficacy constructs, functional performance on functional limitations, and efficacy on limitations. Additionally, significant indirect effects were also found, including walking on limitations via walking self-efficacy and performance and walking self-efficacy on limitations via performance. Furthermore, we found support for invariance of the model across geographical grouping.
Our findings provide further validation for an efficacy-based model of functional limitations. Walking-related efficacy may help reduce or possibly delay the onset of functional limitations.
健康老龄化网络（HAN）研究的数据（Prohaska，T.，Eisenstein，A.，Satariano，W.，Hunter，R.，Bayles，C.，Kurtovich，E.，…Ivey，S. [2009]。老年人的行走与认知功能的保持。老年学杂志，49 [增刊 1]，S86-S93；和 Satariano，W.，Ivey，S.，Kurtovich，E.，Kealey，M.，Hubbard，A.，Bayles，C.，…Prohaska，T. [2010]。下肢功能，社区和老年人的行走。美国预防医学杂志，38，419-428。）被用来研究身体活动，自我效能，功能表现和限制之间的关系。
在美国 4 个地理区域的家庭和老年人中心进行访谈。参与者是 884 名年龄在 74.8 岁的老年人（77%为女性；35%为少数族裔），他们完成了行走行为，寻路自我效能，行走自我效能，功能表现，功能限制和人口统计学特征的测量。
协方差模型框架内的路径分析显示，行走对自我效能结构，功能表现对功能限制以及效能对限制有显著的直接影响。此外，还发现了显著的间接影响，包括行走通过行走自我效能和表现对限制的影响，以及行走自我效能通过表现对限制的影响。此外，我们发现该模型在地理分组上具有不变性。
我们的研究结果为功能限制的效能基础模型提供了进一步的验证。与行走相关的效能可能有助于减少或可能延迟功能限制的发生。
