Division of Health Research, Centre for Disability Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2012 Mar;25(2):99-118. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3148.2011.00638.x.
Developmental monitoring of children is an important strategy for the early detection and management of intellectual disabilities (ID) in high-income countries. This review summarizes the literature on identifying children with ID in low- and middle-income (LAMI) countries.
Electronic literature database searches were conducted to identify articles in the English language published since 1990 relating to the identification of children with, or at risk of, ID in LAMI countries. Requests for information were also sent to the membership of International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disabilities and relevant organizations in selected LAMI countries.
A total of 37 articles were identified for inclusion in the review, the majority of which concerned validation of specific screening tools. Information is presented on sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and reliability of identified screening tools.
Studies were mainly concerned with identifying child disability. Research and development should develop specific approaches to identifying ID among children in LAMI countries.
儿童发育监测是高收入国家早期发现和管理智力残疾（ID）的重要策略。本综述总结了在中低收入（LAMI）国家识别 ID 儿童的文献。
对 1990 年以来发表的英文文献进行电子文献数据库检索，以确定与 LAMI 国家识别 ID 儿童或有 ID 风险的儿童有关的文章。还向国际智力残疾科学研究协会的成员以及选定的 LAMI 国家的相关组织发出了信息请求。
共确定了 37 篇文章纳入综述，其中大多数涉及特定筛查工具的验证。介绍了已识别筛查工具的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和可靠性。
研究主要关注儿童残疾的识别。研究和开发应制定专门方法来识别 LAMI 国家儿童的 ID。
