Klein C, Heckel M, Treibig T, Hofmann S, Ritzer-Rudel I, Ostgathe C
Palliativmedizinische Abteilung, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Germany.
Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2012 May;107(4):240-3. doi: 10.1007/s00063-011-0061-2. Epub 2012 Apr 6.
The aim of palliative care is to relieve suffering and stabilize or improve quality of life. Prolongation of life and focus on quality of life seem to be at first glance mutually exclusive. However, in daily clinical routine they occasionally do simultaneously occur, when further medical treatment to prolong life is not successful, not appropriate, or simply refused by the patient. In general, basic competencies in palliative care should be offered by the intensive care unit teams. In complex cases, it can be reasonable to integrate a palliative care team (PCT) which can support treatment for those patients with regard to symptom-oriented therapy. They also facilitate referral of seriously ill patients to a hospice or home. Palliative care consultation is recommended, if distressing symptoms can not be alleviated sufficiently or support for referral of terminally ill patients is sought. In addition, a PCT can provide support in discussions about withdrawal of life-prolonging treatments and the aims of therapy.
姑息治疗的目的是减轻痛苦，稳定或改善生活质量。延长生命与关注生活质量乍一看似乎相互排斥。然而，在日常临床实践中，当延长生命的进一步治疗不成功、不合适或被患者拒绝时，它们偶尔会同时出现。一般来说，重症监护病房团队应具备姑息治疗的基本能力。在复杂病例中，整合姑息治疗团队（PCT）是合理的，该团队可以在以症状为导向的治疗方面支持这些患者的治疗。他们还便于将重症患者转诊至临终关怀机构或家中。如果痛苦症状无法充分缓解或寻求对晚期患者转诊的支持，建议进行姑息治疗咨询。此外，PCT可以在关于停止延长生命治疗和治疗目标的讨论中提供支持。
