Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, 110 Waters Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Theor Appl Genet. 2012 Aug;125(3):503-15. doi: 10.1007/s00122-012-1849-z. Epub 2012 Apr 4.
High oleic acid soybeans were produced by combining mutant FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B genes. Despite having a high oleic acid content, the linolenic acid content of these soybeans was in the range of 4-6 %, which may be high enough to cause oxidative instability of the oil. Therefore, a study was conducted to incorporate one or two mutant FAD3 genes into the high oleic acid background to further reduce the linolenic acid content. As a result, soybean lines with high oleic acid and low linolenic acid (HOLL) content were produced using different sources of mutant FAD2-1A genes. While oleic acid content of these HOLL lines was stable across two testing environments, the reduction of linolenic acid content varied depending on the number of mutant FAD3 genes combined with mutant FAD2-1 genes, on the severity of mutation in the FAD2-1A gene, and on the testing environment. Combination of two mutant FAD2-1 genes and one mutant FAD3 gene resulted in less than 2 % linolenic acid content in Portageville, Missouri (MO) while four mutant genes were needed to achieve the same linolenic acid in Columbia, MO. This study generated non-transgenic soybeans with the highest oleic acid content and lowest linolenic acid content reported to date, offering a unique alternative to produce a fatty acid profile similar to olive oil.
高油酸大豆是通过组合突变 FAD2-1A 和 FAD2-1B 基因生产的。尽管油酸含量高，但这些大豆的亚麻酸含量在 4-6%范围内，这可能足以导致油的氧化不稳定性。因此，进行了一项研究，将一个或两个突变 FAD3 基因导入高油酸背景中，以进一步降低亚麻酸含量。结果，使用不同来源的突变 FAD2-1A 基因，生产出了具有高油酸和低亚麻酸（HOLL）含量的大豆品系。虽然这些 HOLL 品系的油酸含量在两个测试环境中是稳定的，但亚麻酸含量的降低取决于与突变 FAD2-1 基因结合的突变 FAD3 基因的数量、FAD2-1A 基因突变的严重程度以及测试环境。组合两个突变 FAD2-1 基因和一个突变 FAD3 基因，在密苏里州哥伦比亚市（MO）的 Portageville 亚麻酸含量低于 2%，而在密苏里州哥伦比亚市（MO）则需要四个突变基因才能达到相同的亚麻酸含量。这项研究生成了迄今为止报道的油酸含量最高、亚麻酸含量最低的非转基因大豆，为生产类似于橄榄油的脂肪酸谱提供了一种独特的替代方法。
