Soybean Research Institute, Keshan Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Keshan, Qiqihar 161606, China.
College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 23;24(3):2256. doi: 10.3390/ijms24032256.
Soybean is a major oil crop and is also a dominant source of nutritional protein. The 20% seed oil content (SOC) of soybean is much lower than that in most oil crops and the fatty acid composition of its native oil cannot meet the specifications for some applications in the food and industrial sectors. Considerable effort has been expended on soybean bioengineering to tailor fatty acid profiles and improve SOC. Although significant advancements have been made, such as the creation of high-oleic acid soybean oil and high-SOC soybean, those genetic modifications have some negative impacts on soybean production, for instance, impaired germination or low protein content. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the bioengineering of soybean oil and its effects on agronomic traits.
大豆是一种主要的油料作物，也是营养蛋白质的主要来源。大豆的种子含油率（SOC）为 20%，远低于大多数油料作物，而且其天然油脂的脂肪酸组成不能满足食品和工业领域某些应用的规格。人们已经投入了大量的精力进行大豆的生物工程改造，以调整脂肪酸的组成并提高 SOC。尽管已经取得了重大进展，例如高油酸大豆油和高 SOC 大豆的研发，但这些基因改造对大豆生产有一些负面影响，例如发芽受损或蛋白质含量降低。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了大豆油生物工程的最新进展及其对农艺性状的影响。
