Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-University of Münster, Hittorfstr, 58-62, D-48149, Münster, Germany.
Adv Ther. 2012 Apr;29(4):350-8. doi: 10.1007/s12325-012-0014-z. Epub 2012 Apr 2.
Myrtol standardized is a phytomedicine obtained by distillation, consisting of many constituents. In vitro and in vivo, the major monterpenes, d-limonene, 1,8-cineole, and alpha-pinene, are used as biological marker substances. Myrtol standardized has secretolytic, secretomotor, and mucolytic effects in addition to anti-inflammatory and antioxidative actions. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of different concentrations of Myrtol standardized on in vivo mucociliary clearance in mice and the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) in rat tracheal rings.
Data regarding the effects of 1,8-cineole and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) were compared. Salbutamol was used as a positive control. CBF was measured using rat tracheal explants and a high-speed video camera linked to a microscope with specific software equipment. Mucociliary clearance was determined using the microdialysis technique, which measured the acceleration of a fluorescent sample in the trachea in vivo.
Myrtol standardized accelerated both CBF and mucociliary transport in a concentration-dependent manner. Significant effects were seen at a concentration of 0.01% Myrtol regarding CBF (P<0.01) and 17.1 mg/kg body weight regarding mucociliary clearance experiments (P<0.05) according to doses relevant to humans. The 1,8-cineole dosage relative to humans only accelerated the mucociliary clearance in vivo without having an effect on the CBF. Extremely high doses of Myrtol were not able to additionally increase the CBF effect in comparison to salbutamol. Compared to NAC, also used in a dosage relative to humans, Myrtol standardized showed a tendency to be more effective.
In summary, the present data suggest that Myrtol standardized is a pharmacologically important drug which, when used at a dose relative to humans, shows positive effects on both measured parameters, CBF and mucociliary clearance, in vivo.
Myrtol 标准化是一种通过蒸馏获得的植物药，由许多成分组成。在体外和体内，主要的单萜烯，D-柠檬烯、1,8-桉叶素和α-蒎烯，被用作生物标记物。Myrtol 标准化具有溶酶体、分泌运动和粘液溶解作用，以及抗炎和抗氧化作用。本研究的目的是研究不同浓度的 Myrtol 标准化对体内小鼠粘液纤毛清除率和大鼠气管环纤毛摆动频率（CBF）的影响。
比较了 1,8-桉叶素和 N-乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）的作用数据。沙丁胺醇被用作阳性对照。使用大鼠气管组织切片和与显微镜相连的高速摄像机以及特定的软件设备测量 CBF。使用微透析技术测量粘液纤毛清除率，该技术测量体内荧光样品在气管中的加速。
Myrtol 标准化以浓度依赖的方式加速 CBF 和粘液纤毛转运。在 CBF 方面，浓度为 0.01%的 Myrtol 具有显著效果（P<0.01），在粘液纤毛清除率实验中，17.1mg/kg 体重具有显著效果（P<0.05），这是与人类相关的剂量。与人类相关的 1,8-桉叶素剂量仅加速体内粘液纤毛清除率，而对 CBF 没有影响。与沙丁胺醇相比，Myrtol 标准化的极高剂量不能额外增加 CBF 效应。与人类相关剂量的 NAC 相比，Myrtol 标准化显示出更有效的趋势。
总之，目前的数据表明，Myrtol 标准化是一种具有重要药理学意义的药物，当以与人类相关的剂量使用时，对体内 CBF 和粘液纤毛清除率这两个测量参数都有积极的影响。
