National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2012 Aug 1;60(4):438-46. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31825694f2.
China has experienced an epidemic of amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) use in recent years. The present study explored the status and correlates of HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among ATS users in China.
A multicenter cross-sectional study of HIV and HCV status and associated behaviors among ATS users was conducted in 6 provinces from September 2009 to December 2010. Socioeconomic/behavioral risk factors were measured. Blood samples were collected to test for HIV and HCV antibodies.
Of the 1327 ATS users, the prevalence of HIV and exposure to HCV were 4.5% and 43.5%, respectively, with large geographic variations (0%-20.3% and 8.6%-67.1%, respectively). HIV infection was independently associated with living in Yunnan province [adjusted odds ratio = 15.8; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.0 to 125.1), polydrug use (adjusted odds ratio = 2.6; 95% CI: 1.3 to 5.4), increased frequency of sexual behavior (adjusted odds ratio = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.1 to 4.1), history of sex with sexually transmitted infection-positive persons (adjusted odds ratio = 11.4; 95% CI: 1.3 to 98.9), and HCV infection (adjusted odds ratio = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.2 to 6.7). HCV was associated with study site, marital status, unemployment (adjusted odds ratio = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.3 to 2.4), a longer duration of ATS use, and history of injection use of ATS (adjusted odds ratio = 13.3; 95% CI: 1.5 to 116.1).
The prevalence of HIV was high among ATS users in Yunnan province but quite rare elsewhere, and the prevalence of exposure to HCV was high in 6 provinces. Risk factors emphasize the need for new prevention strategies toward this population at risk in China.
近年来，中国经历了安非他命类兴奋剂（ATS）使用的流行。本研究旨在探索中国 ATS 使用者中 HIV 和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的现状和相关因素。
2009 年 9 月至 2010 年 12 月，在 6 个省份进行了一项多中心、横断面研究，调查了 HIV 和 HCV 状态以及 ATS 使用者的相关行为。测量了社会经济/行为风险因素。采集血样检测 HIV 和 HCV 抗体。
在 1327 名 ATS 使用者中，HIV 感染率和 HCV 暴露率分别为 4.5%和 43.5%，地域差异较大（分别为 0%-20.3%和 8.6%-67.1%）。HIV 感染与居住在云南省（调整后的优势比=15.8；95%置信区间[CI]：2.0 至 125.1）、多药使用（调整后的优势比=2.6；95%CI：1.3 至 5.4）、性行为频率增加（调整后的优势比=2.0；95%CI：1.1 至 4.1）、有性传播感染阳性者的性史（调整后的优势比=11.4；95%CI：1.3 至 98.9）和 HCV 感染（调整后的优势比=2.8；95%CI：1.2 至 6.7）独立相关。HCV 与研究地点、婚姻状况、失业（调整后的优势比=1.8；95%CI：1.3 至 2.4）、ATS 使用时间较长和 ATS 注射史（调整后的优势比=13.3；95%CI：1.5 至 116.1）相关。
云南省 ATS 使用者 HIV 感染率较高，但其他地区则相当罕见，6 个省份 HCV 暴露率较高。风险因素强调需要针对中国这一高危人群制定新的预防策略。
