Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2012 Jun;36(6):958-66. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01708.x. Epub 2012 Apr 5.
Hazardous drinking is characterized by decisions to engage in excessive or risky patterns of alcohol consumption. Levels of impulsivity and behavioral approach and inhibition may differ in hazardous drinkers and nonhazardous drinkers. A comparison of the relative levels of dimensions of impulsivity and behavioral inhibition and approach in adult men and women hazardous and nonhazardous drinkers may inform treatment and prevention efforts.
In the present research, 466 men and women from a community sample were administered the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Approach System (BIS/BAS) scale, and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, version 11 (BIS-11). Relations among the dimensions of these constructs were examined using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), with age and race as covariates.
There were main effects of hazardous drinking on all 3 dimensions of impulsivity, the behavioral inhibition system, and the behavioral activation system Reward Responsiveness, and Fun-Seeking components, with hazardous drinkers scoring higher than nonhazardous drinkers.
This research provides a better understanding of the manner in which impulsivity and behavioral inhibition and approach tendencies relate to hazardous alcohol use in men and women. The present results have implications for alcohol-related prevention and treatment strategies for adult men and women.
危险饮酒的特征是决定进行过度或冒险的饮酒模式。冲动水平以及行为趋近和抑制在危险饮酒者和非危险饮酒者中可能存在差异。比较成年男性和女性危险饮酒者和非危险饮酒者的冲动和行为抑制及趋近维度的相对水平，可能有助于治疗和预防工作。
在本研究中，从社区样本中招募了 466 名男性和女性，他们接受了酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）、行为抑制系统/行为趋近系统（BIS/BAS）量表和巴瑞特冲动量表第 11 版（BIS-11）的测试。使用协方差的多变量分析（MANCOVA），以年龄和种族为协变量，考察这些结构维度之间的关系。
危险饮酒对冲动的所有 3 个维度、行为抑制系统和行为激活系统的奖励反应性和寻求乐趣成分都有主要影响，危险饮酒者的得分高于非危险饮酒者。
这项研究更好地理解了冲动以及行为抑制和趋近倾向与男性和女性危险饮酒之间的关系。目前的结果对成年男性和女性的酒精相关预防和治疗策略具有重要意义。
