Geographic Information Science Center of Excellence, South Dakota State University, Brookings, 57007, USA.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012 Apr;86(4):724-31. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0515.
Understanding the landscape-level determinants of West Nile virus (WNV) can aid in mapping high-risk areas and enhance disease control and prevention efforts. This study analyzed the spatial patterns of human WNV cases in three areas in South Dakota during 2003-2007 and investigated the influences of land cover, hydrology, soils, irrigation, and elevation by using case-control models. Land cover, hydrology, soils, and elevation all influenced WNV risk, although the main drivers were different in each study area. Risk for WNV was generally higher in areas with rural land cover than in developed areas, and higher close to wetlands or soils with a high ponding frequency. In western South Dakota, WNV risk also decreased with increasing elevation and was higher in forested areas. Our results showed that the spatial patterns of human WNV risk were associated with landscape-level features that likely reflect variability in mosquito ecology, avian host communities, and human activity.
了解西尼罗河病毒（WNV）的景观水平决定因素有助于绘制高风险区域图，并加强疾病控制和预防工作。本研究分析了 2003-2007 年南达科他州三个地区的人类 WNV 病例的空间模式，并通过病例对照模型调查了土地覆盖、水文学、土壤、灌溉和海拔的影响。土地覆盖、水文学、土壤和海拔都影响了 WNV 的风险，尽管每个研究区域的主要驱动因素不同。与发达地区相比，农村土地覆盖的地区WNV 风险通常更高，靠近湿地或积水频率高的土壤的风险更高。在南达科他州西部，WNV 风险也随着海拔的升高而降低，在森林地区风险更高。我们的结果表明，人类 WNV 风险的空间模式与景观水平特征有关，这些特征可能反映了蚊子生态学、鸟类宿主群落和人类活动的变异性。
