Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2012 Jun 1;302(11):F1351-61. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00037.2012. Epub 2012 Apr 4.
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases that have been increasingly linked to both normal physiology and abnormal pathology in the kidney. Collectively able to degrade all components of the extracellular matrix, MMPs were originally thought to antagonize the development of fibrotic diseases solely through digestion of excessive matrix. However, increasing evidence has shown that MMPs play a wide variety of roles in regulating inflammation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. We now have robust evidence for MMP dysregulation in a multitude of renal diseases including acute kidney injury, diabetic nephropathy, glomerulonephritis, inherited kidney disease, and chronic allograft nephropathy. The goal of this review is to summarize current findings regarding the role of MMPs in kidney diseases as well as the mechanisms of action of this family of proteases.
基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）是一类锌依赖性内肽酶，它们与肾脏的正常生理和异常病理均有越来越密切的联系。MMPs 能够降解细胞外基质的所有成分，最初被认为仅通过消化过多的基质来拮抗纤维性疾病的发展。然而，越来越多的证据表明，MMPs 在调节炎症、上皮-间充质转化、细胞增殖、血管生成和细胞凋亡等方面发挥着广泛的作用。目前已经有大量证据表明，MMPs 在多种肾脏疾病中失调，包括急性肾损伤、糖尿病肾病、肾小球肾炎、遗传性肾脏疾病和慢性移植肾肾病。本综述的目的是总结 MMPs 在肾脏疾病中的作用以及该蛋白酶家族的作用机制的最新发现。
