Department of Methodology and Behavioural Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Res Dev Disabil. 2012 Jul-Aug;33(4):1103-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2012.02.002. Epub 2012 Mar 2.
We appraised life satisfaction using the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and analysed its psychometric properties in persons with intellectual disability (ID). Ninety-nine persons with ID from four services in Spain participated. A battery of subjective assessments was used, including the SWLS, a Quality of Life measure (WHOQOL-BREF), and health status and sociodemographic information. Psychometric properties of the SWLS were investigated using standard psychometric methods. Overall, our results showed that persons with ID were satisfied with their life (SWLS score 25-29). Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) was .79. A factor analysis using principal components method, showed a one factor structure accounting for 55.7% of the variance. Associations, using Spearman's rho correlation coefficients, were confirmed between SWLS with the overall QoL, satisfaction with health and WHOQOL-BREF total score. Regarding 'known group' differences, persons living in residential institutions had lower life satisfaction compared to persons living in community facilities or living at home, though differences were not statistically significant. Student t-tests showed that SWLS scores significantly discriminated between healthy and unhealthy; and those reporting higher satisfaction with their relationships, home environment and their jobs compared to participants with lower satisfaction levels. To our best knowledge, this study is the first to report on the psychometrics properties of the SWLS in persons with ID, both in Spain and internationally. It might be a promising tool to use, with other outcome measures, in appraising persons with ID in different services and types of care; also, it might guide policymakers on the implementation of policies for persons with ID.
我们使用生活满意度量表（SWLS）评估生活满意度，并分析其在智力障碍（ID）人群中的心理测量学特性。来自西班牙四家机构的 99 名 ID 患者参与了这项研究。我们使用了一系列主观评估工具，包括 SWLS、生活质量量表（WHOQOL-BREF）以及健康状况和社会人口学信息。我们采用标准心理测量学方法评估了 SWLS 的心理测量学特性。总的来说，我们的结果表明 ID 患者对自己的生活感到满意（SWLS 评分为 25-29 分）。内部一致性（克朗巴赫α系数）为 0.79。使用主成分法进行的因子分析显示，有一个因素结构可以解释 55.7%的方差。使用 Spearman rho 相关系数进行的关联分析证实，SWLS 与总体生活质量、健康满意度和 WHOQOL-BREF 总分之间存在关联。关于“已知组”差异，与居住在社区设施或家中的人相比，居住在住宿机构的人生活满意度较低，但差异无统计学意义。学生 t 检验表明，SWLS 评分可显著区分健康人群和不健康人群，以及对人际关系、家庭环境和工作满意度较高的人群与满意度较低的人群。据我们所知，这项研究首次在西班牙和国际上报告了 SWLS 在 ID 人群中的心理测量学特性。它可能是一种很有前途的工具，可以与其他结果衡量标准一起，用于评估不同服务和护理类型中的 ID 患者，也可以为决策者制定 ID 患者政策提供指导。
