Department of Occupational Therapy, Chang Gung University, Taiwan.
Res Dev Disabil. 2012 Jul-Aug;33(4):1301-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2012.02.010. Epub 2012 Mar 29.
Preliminary evidence suggests that handwriting difficulties are common to children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, the nature of the task-specific impairments is needed to be clarified. The aim of this study was to describe handwriting capacity in ADHD children without DCD and identify underlying factors of performance by use of outcome-oriented assessments and a digitizing tablet. Twenty-one children with ADHD (8.59±1.25 years) and 21 match controls (8.5±1.08 years) were recruited. Children with ADHD scored lower than controls on Tseng Handwriting Problem Checklist and writing composite of Basic Reading and Writing Test, indicating the ADHD group wrote less legibly. The ADHD group spent more on-paper time to copy 50 Chinese characters and exhibited more writing time during the writing process. The ADHD group scored significantly lower on tasks demanding upper limb and eye-hand coordination and visual-motor integration compared with controls. Furthermore, motor skill and visual-motor integration were positively correlated with the legibility. Motor skill was negatively correlated with writing time, in-air time, and in-air trajectory.
初步证据表明，注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童普遍存在书写困难。然而，需要明确任务特异性损伤的性质。本研究旨在描述无发育性协调障碍（DCD）的 ADHD 儿童的书写能力，并通过使用面向结果的评估和数字化平板电脑来确定表现的潜在因素。招募了 21 名 ADHD 儿童（8.59±1.25 岁）和 21 名匹配对照组（8.5±1.08 岁）。ADHD 组在曾氏书写问题检查表和基础读写测试的书写综合项上的得分低于对照组，表明 ADHD 组的书写清晰度较低。ADHD 组在抄写 50 个汉字时，花在纸上的时间更多，在书写过程中花费的书写时间也更多。与对照组相比，ADHD 组在上肢和手眼协调以及视动整合方面的任务得分显著较低。此外，运动技能和视动整合与清晰度呈正相关。运动技能与书写时间、空中时间和空中轨迹呈负相关。
