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患有自闭症谱系障碍、发育性协调障碍和/或注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童的运动和手势表现。

Motor and gestural performance in children with autism spectrum disorders, developmental coordination disorder, and/or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

作者信息

Dewey Deborah, Cantell Marja, Crawford Susan G

机构信息

Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

出版信息

J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2007 Mar;13(2):246-56. doi: 10.1017/S1355617707070270.

Abstract

Motor and gestural skills of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), developmental coordination disorder (DCD), and/or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were investigated. A total of 49 children with ASD, 46 children with DCD, 38 children with DCD+ADHD, 27 children with ADHD, and 78 typically developing control children participated. Motor skills were assessed with the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency Short Form, and gestural skills were assessed using a test that required children to produce meaningful gestures to command and imitation. Children with ASD, DCD, and DCD+ADHD were significantly impaired on motor coordination skills; however, only children with ASD showed a generalized impairment in gestural performance. Examination of types of gestural errors revealed that children with ASD made significantly more incorrect action and orientation errors to command, and significantly more orientation and distortion errors to imitation than children with DCD, DCD+ADHD, ADHD, and typically developing control children. These findings suggest that gestural impairments displayed by the children with ASD were not solely attributable to deficits in motor coordination skills.

摘要

对患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)、发育性协调障碍(DCD)和/或注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的儿童的运动和手势技能进行了调查。共有49名患有ASD的儿童、46名患有DCD的儿童、38名患有DCD+ADHD的儿童、27名患有ADHD的儿童以及78名发育正常的对照儿童参与了研究。使用布鲁宁克斯-奥塞瑞斯基运动技能测试简版评估运动技能,使用一项要求儿童做出有意义的手势以进行指令和模仿的测试评估手势技能。患有ASD、DCD和DCD+ADHD的儿童在运动协调技能方面存在显著受损;然而,只有患有ASD的儿童在手势表现上呈现出全面受损。对手势错误类型的检查发现,与患有DCD、DCD+ADHD、ADHD的儿童以及发育正常的对照儿童相比,患有ASD的儿童在指令方面做出的错误动作和方向错误显著更多,在模仿方面做出的方向和扭曲错误显著更多。这些发现表明,患有ASD的儿童所表现出的手势损伤并非仅仅归因于运动协调技能的缺陷。

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