School of Applied Psychology and Behavioural Bases of Health Research Centre, Griffith University, Queensland 4222, Australia.
J Adolesc. 2012 Oct;35(5):1167-76. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.03.006. Epub 2012 Apr 13.
Leisure provides the context for much of adolescent behaviour and development. While both theory and research point to the benefits of participation in leisure activities that are highly structured, the association between structured leisure and psychosocial adjustment is not uniformly high. This paper presents a model of adolescent leisure comprising three dimensions: structure, effort, and social contact. Adolescent adjustment is hypothesized to increase with participation in activities characterized by each of these attributes. Adjustment is also predicted to vary with gender, and with the interaction of gender and leisure participation. These propositions were tested in a questionnaire-based study of 433 Australian adolescents. Results revealed majority support for hypotheses pertaining to the positive effects of the leisure dimensions, and for gender differences in leisure participation and adjustment. Evidence was also obtained of gender-differentiated effects of leisure on adjustment, with social leisure predicting adjustment more strongly in females than males.
闲暇为青少年的行为和发展提供了背景。虽然理论和研究都指出了参与高度结构化的休闲活动的好处，但结构化休闲与心理社会适应之间的关联并非始终很高。本文提出了一个由三个维度组成的青少年休闲模式：结构、努力和社会联系。假设青少年的适应能力会随着参与具有这些特征的活动而提高。适应能力还预计会因性别以及性别与休闲参与的相互作用而有所不同。这些命题在对 433 名澳大利亚青少年进行的基于问卷调查的研究中进行了检验。结果表明，大多数人支持与休闲维度的积极影响以及休闲参与和适应方面的性别差异相关的假设。还获得了关于休闲对适应的性别差异影响的证据，社会休闲对女性的预测作用强于男性。
