Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
Waste Manag. 2012 Jul;32(7):1341-6. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2012.03.006. Epub 2012 Apr 12.
Various agricultural and kitchen waste residues were assessed for their ability to support the production of a complete cellulase system by Aspergillus niger NS-2 in solid state fermentation. Untreated as well as acid and base-pretreated substrates including corn cobs, carrot peelings, composite, grass, leaves, orange peelings, pineapple peelings, potato peelings, rice husk, sugarcane bagasse, saw dust, wheat bran, wheat straw, simply moistened with water, were found to be well suited for the organism's growth, producing good amounts of cellulases after 96 h without the supplementation of additional nutritional sources. Yields of cellulases were higher in alkali treated substrates as compared to acid treated and untreated substrates except in wheat bran. Of all the substrates tested, wheat bran appeared to be the best suited substrate producing appreciable yields of CMCase, FPase and β-glucosidase at the levels of 310, 17 and 33 U/g dry substrate respectively. An evaluation of various environmental parameters demonstrated that appreciable levels of cellulases could be produced over a wide range of temperatures (20-50 °C) and pH levels (3.0-8.0) with a 1:1.5 to 1:1.75 substrate to moisture ratio.
各种农业和厨房废物残渣被评估为是否能够支持黑曲霉 NS-2 在固态发酵中生产完整的纤维素酶系统。未经处理以及经过酸和碱预处理的底物，包括玉米芯、胡萝卜皮、复合废弃物、草、叶子、橙皮、菠萝皮、土豆皮、稻壳、甘蔗渣、木屑、麦麸、麦秆，只需用清水润湿，就非常适合该生物的生长，在 96 小时内无需额外添加营养源就能产生大量的纤维素酶。与酸处理和未处理的底物相比，碱处理的底物产生的纤维素酶产量更高，但麦麸除外。在所测试的所有底物中，麦麸似乎是最合适的底物，分别产生了 310、17 和 33 U/g 干底物的可衡量水平的 CMCase、FPase 和β-葡萄糖苷酶。对各种环境参数的评估表明，在较宽的温度（20-50°C）和 pH 值（3.0-8.0）范围内，以及 1:1.5 到 1:1.75 的底物与水分比，都能产生相当水平的纤维素酶。
