Department of Health Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, L'Aguila, Italy.
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2012 Jan-Mar;25(1):9-17. doi: 10.1177/039463201202500102.
On a planetary scale, Metabolic Syndrome (MetS)is the third cause of inability after malnutrition and nicotinism, even higher than water shortage and sedentariness. In the USA, the prevalence is estimated at over 25 percent of the population; in Italy, it involves approximately 25 percent of men and even 27 percent of women. These are very high figures, corresponding to approximately 14 million affected individuals. The prevalence is alarming and must not be underestimated, particularly in the dental field, where more than one patient out of four sitting in a dentist chair is affected. The etiology of periodontal disease has not yet been clarified, and recently the idea to consider it as a multifactor pathology has been developed. Cofactors such as the formation of free radicals of oxygen (ROS), oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and formation of glycation end-products (AGEs) probably play an important role in the onset of periodontal disease. The AGEs are compounds physiologically produced by the cells. However, they accumulate and cause pro-inflammatory conditions, when the cellular clearance fails, or in hyperglycemic and oxidative states. All these conditions can be clinically summarized as Metabolic Syndrome. The purpose of this literature review is to establish a relationship between two pathologies with very high prevalence: Metabolic Syndrome and Periodontal Disorder. The literature seems to have clarified that MetS involves a pro-oxidation status, which induces AGE formation. AGEs play a very important role in the course and severity of periodontal diseases.
从行星尺度来看，代谢综合征（Metabolic Syndrome，MetS）是继营养不良和尼古丁中毒之后导致身体失能的第三大原因，甚至比缺水和久坐更严重。在美国，其发病率估计超过总人口的 25%；在意大利，约 25%的男性和 27%的女性受到影响。这些数据非常高，意味着大约有 1400 万人受到影响。其发病率令人担忧，不容忽视，尤其是在牙科领域，每四个坐在牙医椅上的患者中就有一个以上受到影响。牙周病的病因尚未阐明，最近有人提出将其视为多因素病理。氧自由基（ROS）的形成、氧化应激、脂质过氧化和糖基化终产物（AGEs）的形成等协同因素可能在牙周病的发生中起重要作用。AGEs 是细胞生理产生的化合物。然而，当细胞清除失败或处于高血糖和氧化状态时，它们会积累并引起促炎状态。所有这些情况都可以被临床概括为代谢综合征。本文综述的目的是建立两种高发病率疾病之间的关系：代谢综合征和牙周病紊乱。文献似乎已经阐明，MetS 涉及促氧化状态，从而诱导 AGE 的形成。AGEs 在牙周病的发生和严重程度中起着非常重要的作用。
