Myer Gregory D, Faigenbaum Avery D, Ford Kevin R, Best Thomas M, Bergeron Michael F, Hewett Timothy E
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Sports Medicine Biodynamics Center and Human Performance Laboratory, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2011 May-Jun;10(3):155-66. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e31821b1442.
Regular participation in organized youth sports does not ensure adequate exposure to skill- and health-related fitness activities, and sport training without preparatory conditioning does not appear to reduce risk of injury in young athletes. Current trends indicate that widespread participation in organized youth sports is occurring at a younger age, especially in girls. Current public health recommendations developed to promote muscle strengthening and bone building activities for youth aged 6 yr and older, along with increased involvement in competitive sport activities at younger ages, has increased interest and concern from parents, clinicians, coaches, and teachers regarding the optimal age to encourage and integrate more specialized physical training into youth development programs. This review synthesizes the latest literature and expert opinion regarding when to initiate neuromuscular conditioning in youth and presents a how-to integrative training conceptual model that could maximize the potential health-related benefits for children by reducing sports-related injury risk and encouraging lifelong, regular physical activity.
经常参加有组织的青少年体育活动并不能确保充分接触与技能和健康相关的健身活动，而且未经准备性体能训练的运动训练似乎并不能降低年轻运动员受伤的风险。当前趋势表明，广泛参与有组织的青少年体育活动的年龄越来越小，尤其是女孩。为促进6岁及以上青少年的肌肉强化和骨骼发育活动而制定的当前公共卫生建议，以及在更小年龄更多地参与竞技体育活动，引发了家长、临床医生、教练和教师对鼓励将更专业的体育训练纳入青少年发展计划的最佳年龄的兴趣和关注。本综述综合了关于何时在青少年中开始神经肌肉训练的最新文献和专家意见，并提出了一个如何进行综合训练的概念模型，该模型可以通过降低与运动相关的受伤风险并鼓励终身定期体育活动，最大限度地为儿童带来与健康相关的潜在益处。
