Center for Shoulder, Elbow, and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Phys Sportsmed. 2012 Feb;40(1):20-35. doi: 10.3810/psm.2012.02.1948.
Articular cartilage injuries of the knee present a difficult clinical dilemma and their treatment is controversial. Hyaline articular cartilage is an avascular, low-friction, and wear-resistant weightbearing surface that has limited capacity for self-repair. The optimal treatment for cartilage lesions has yet to be established. Various treatment methods are employed to reestablish a stable cartilage surface, including microfracture, autologous and allograft osteochondral transplantation, autologous chondrocyte implantation, matrix-associated chondrocyte implantation, and scaffold-assisted methods. Treatment algorithms help to guide physicians' decision making in the care of these injuries. In this article, results from outcomes studies as well as prospective randomized clinical trials comparing treatment methods are reviewed, and current practice guidelines are summarized.
膝关节的关节软骨损伤带来了棘手的临床困境，其治疗方法存在争议。透明关节软骨是一种无血管、低摩擦、耐磨损的承重面，自我修复能力有限。软骨病变的最佳治疗方法尚未确定。各种治疗方法被用于重建稳定的软骨表面，包括微骨折、自体和同种异体骨软骨移植、自体软骨细胞移植、基质相关软骨细胞移植以及支架辅助方法。治疗方案有助于指导医生在处理这些损伤时的决策。本文综述了比较治疗方法的结果研究和前瞻性随机临床试验的结果，并总结了当前的实践指南。
