Sturm Thomas
Departament de Filosofia, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 2012 Jun;43(2):462-72. doi: 10.1016/j.shpsc.2011.11.006. Epub 2011 Nov 29.
I analyze the historical background and philosophical considerations of Karl Bühler and his student Karl Popper regarding the crisis of psychology. They share certain Kantian questions and methods for reflection on the state of the art in psychology. Part 1 outlines Bühler's diagnosis and therapy for the crisis in psychology as he perceived it, leading to his famous theory of language. I also show how the Kantian features of Bühler's approach help to deal with objections to his crisis diagnosis and to aspects of his linguistic theory. Part 2 turns to Popper's dissertation, completed in 1928 under Bühler. I analyze Popper's disapproval of Schlick's physicalism in psychology, as well as Popper's attempt to extend Bühler's Kantian strategy to the domain of the psychology of thinking. In conclusion, I indicate how these approaches to the crisis in psychology differ from Thomas Kuhn's notions of crisis and revolution, which are still all too popular in current philosophical discussions of psychology.
我分析了卡尔·比勒及其学生卡尔·波普尔关于心理学危机的历史背景和哲学思考。他们在关于心理学现状的反思方面有着某些康德式的问题和方法。第一部分概述了比勒对他所认为的心理学危机的诊断和治疗方法，这导致了他著名的语言理论。我还展示了比勒方法中的康德式特征如何有助于应对针对他的危机诊断以及他语言理论各方面的异议。第二部分转向波普尔于1928年在比勒指导下完成的博士论文。我分析了波普尔对施利克心理学物理主义的不满，以及波普尔将比勒的康德式策略扩展到思维心理学领域的尝试。最后，我指出这些处理心理学危机的方法与托马斯·库恩的危机和革命概念有何不同，而后者在当前心理学的哲学讨论中仍然非常流行。
