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同睡的人类母婴对的睡眠与觉醒模式:一项对婴儿猝死综合征(SIDS)研究有启示意义的初步生理学研究。

Sleep and arousal patterns of co-sleeping human mother/infant pairs: a preliminary physiological study with implications for the study of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

作者信息

McKenna J J, Mosko S, Dungy C, McAninch J

机构信息

Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Pomona College, Claremont, CA 91711.

出版信息

Am J Phys Anthropol. 1990 Nov;83(3):331-47. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330830307.

Abstract

The prevailing research design for studying infant sleep erroneously assumes the species-wide normalcy of solitary nocturnal sleep rather than a social sleeping environment. In fact, current clinical perspectives on infant sleep, which are based exclusively on studies of solitary sleeping infants, may partly reflect culturally induced rather than species-typical infant sleep patterns which can only be gleaned, we contend here, from infants sleeping with their parents--the context within which, and for well over 4 million years, the hominid infant's sleep, breathing, and arousal patterns evolved. Our physiological study of five co-sleeping mother-infant pairs in a sleep lab is the first study of its kind to document the unfolding sleep patterns of mothers and infants sleeping in physical contact. Our data show that co-sleeping mothers and infants exhibit synchronous arousals, which, because of the suspected relationship between arousal and breathing stability in infants, have important implications for how we study environmental factors possibly related to some forms of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). While our data show that co-sleeping mothers and infants also experience many moments of physiological independence from each other, it is clear that the temporal unfolding of particular sleep stages and awake periods of the mother and infant become entwined and that on a minute-to-minute basis, throughout the night, much sensory communication is occurring between them. Our research acknowledges the human infant's evolutionary past and considers the implications that nocturnal separation (a historically novel and alien experience for them) has for maternal and infant well-being in general and SIDS research strategies in particular.

摘要

目前用于研究婴儿睡眠的主流研究设计错误地假定了夜间独自睡眠在全物种范围内的常态,而非社交性睡眠环境。事实上,当前关于婴儿睡眠的临床观点完全基于对独自睡眠婴儿的研究,可能部分反映了文化诱导的而非物种典型的婴儿睡眠模式,我们在此认为,这种模式只能从与父母同睡的婴儿身上收集到——在这种环境中,人类婴儿的睡眠、呼吸和觉醒模式在超过400万年的时间里得以进化。我们在睡眠实验室对五对母婴同睡组合进行的生理学研究,是同类研究中首个记录母婴身体接触睡眠时不断变化的睡眠模式的研究。我们的数据表明,母婴同睡时会出现同步觉醒,鉴于觉醒与婴儿呼吸稳定性之间可能存在的关系,这对我们研究可能与某些形式的婴儿猝死综合征(SIDS)相关的环境因素具有重要意义。虽然我们的数据表明,母婴同睡时彼此也有许多生理上独立的时刻,但很明显,母婴特定睡眠阶段和清醒期的时间展开相互交织,而且在整个夜间的每分钟里,他们之间都在进行大量的感官交流。我们的研究承认人类婴儿的进化史,并考虑夜间分离(这对他们来说是一种历史上全新的陌生体验)对母婴总体福祉,尤其是对婴儿猝死综合征研究策略的影响。

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