Waszkiewicz Napoleon, Szajda Sławomir Dariusz, Zalewska Anna, Szulc Agata, Kępka Alina, Minarowska Alina, Wojewódzka-Żelezniakowicz Marzena, Konarzewska Beata, Chojnowska Sylwia, Ladny Jerzy Robert, Zwierz Krzysztof
Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, Plac Brodowicza 1, 16-070 Choroszcz, Poland.
Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 2012 Apr 24;50(1):1-11. doi: 10.2478/18690.
The relationship between alcohol consumption and glycoconjugate metabolism is complex and multidimensional. This review summarizes the advances in basic and clinical research on the molecular and cellular events involved in the metabolic effects of alcohol on glycoconjugates (glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans). We summarize the action of ethanol, acetaldehyde, reactive oxygen species (ROS), nonoxidative metabolite of alcohol--fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs), and the ethanol-water competition mechanism, on glycoconjugate biosynthesis, modification, transport and secretion, as well as on elimination and catabolism processes. As the majority of changes in the cellular metabolism of glycoconjugates are generally ascribed to alterations in synthesis, transport, glycosylation and secretion, the degradation and elimination processes, of which the former occurs also in extracellular matrix, seem to be underappreciated. The pathomechanisms are additionally complicated by the fact that the effect of alcohol intoxication on the glycoconjugate metabolism depends not only on the duration of ethanol exposure, but also demonstrates dose- and regional-sensitivity. Further research is needed to bridge the gap in transdisciplinary research and enhance our understanding of alcohol- and glycoconjugate-related diseases.
酒精摄入与糖缀合物代谢之间的关系复杂且具有多维度性。本综述总结了关于酒精对糖缀合物（糖蛋白、糖脂和蛋白聚糖）代谢影响所涉及的分子和细胞事件的基础与临床研究进展。我们总结了乙醇、乙醛、活性氧（ROS）、酒精的非氧化代谢产物——脂肪酸乙酯（FAEEs）以及乙醇 - 水竞争机制对糖缀合物生物合成、修饰、运输和分泌，以及消除和分解代谢过程的作用。由于糖缀合物细胞代谢中的大多数变化通常归因于合成、运输、糖基化和分泌的改变，而降解和消除过程（前者也发生在细胞外基质中）似乎未得到充分重视。酒精中毒对糖缀合物代谢的影响不仅取决于乙醇暴露的持续时间，还表现出剂量和区域敏感性，这一事实使得发病机制更加复杂。需要进一步研究以弥合跨学科研究的差距，并增进我们对酒精和糖缀合物相关疾病的理解。
