General Radiology Department, Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris Sud, 78, rue du Général-Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
Diagn Interv Imaging. 2012 Jun;93(6):509-19. doi: 10.1016/j.diii.2012.03.010. Epub 2012 Apr 26.
Most infections of the upper urinary tract are straightforward and do not require any emergency radiological investigations. A sonogram carried out within 48 hours will in most cases be sufficient to eliminate obstructed pyelonephritis requiring emergency drainage of urine. In complicated cases, or those affecting already weakened areas, an urgent CT scan is necessary, preferably after injection of iodinated contrast medium if renal function permits. CT scanning is far better at diagnosis than sonography as well as at investigating whether there are complications. Furthermore, it is essential that the radiologist is aware of unusual and rare forms of pyelonephritis, especially pseudotumoural forms, so that clinicians can be pointed towards the appropriate treatment, avoiding unnecessary and invasive interventions.
大多数上尿路感染是简单的，不需要任何紧急放射学检查。大多数情况下，48 小时内进行的超声检查足以排除需要紧急引流尿液的梗阻性肾盂肾炎。在复杂的情况下，或影响已经虚弱的区域，需要紧急 CT 扫描，如果肾功能允许，最好在注射碘造影剂后进行。CT 扫描在诊断方面优于超声检查，也能更好地检查是否有并发症。此外，放射科医生必须了解不常见和罕见形式的肾盂肾炎，特别是假性肿瘤形式，以便临床医生能够获得适当的治疗，避免不必要的和侵入性的干预。
