Department of Cell Biology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine & Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2012 Jun;24(3):415-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2012.03.010. Epub 2012 Apr 25.
It has become increasingly apparent that gene expression is regulated by the functional interplay between spatial genome organization and nuclear architecture. Within the nuclear environment a variety of distinct nuclear bodies exist. They are dynamic, self-organizing structures that do not assemble as pre-formed entities but rather emerge as a direct reflection of specific activities associated with gene expression and genome maintenance. Here I summarize recent findings on functions of some of the most prominent nuclear bodies, including the nucleolus, Cajal body, PML nuclear body, Polycomb group body and the 53BP1 nuclear body. The emerging view is that their organization is orchestrated by similar principles, and they function in fundamental cellular processes involved in homeostasis, differentiation, development and disease.
越来越明显的是，基因表达是由空间基因组组织和核结构的功能相互作用调节的。在核环境中存在着多种不同的核体。它们是动态的、自组织的结构，不是作为预先形成的实体组装的，而是作为与基因表达和基因组维护相关的特定活动的直接反映而出现的。在这里，我总结了一些最著名的核体，包括核仁、Cajal 体、PML 核体、多梳体和 53BP1 核体的功能的最新发现。新兴的观点是，它们的组织是由类似的原则协调的，它们在涉及内稳态、分化、发育和疾病的基本细胞过程中发挥作用。
