GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Trauma Dissociation. 2012;13(3):271-90. doi: 10.1080/15299732.2011.641496.
Complex posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) involves a variety of personality disturbances presumed to result from repeated interpersonal trauma such as child abuse. As Complex PTSD patients are a heterogeneous population, we searched for clinically relevant personality-based subtypes.
This study used a cluster analysis of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), Axis II features within a sample of 71 female outpatients with systematically assessed child abuse-related Complex PTSD.
Two main subtypes were found: adaptive and nonadaptive. The latter was further differentiated into withdrawn, alienated, suffering, and aggressive subtypes, characterized by different levels of introversion and disinhibition. Among the nonadaptive subtypes, the severity of Complex PTSD symptoms was lowest in the withdrawn (introverted only) subtype. The subtypes differed in their level of dissociation and depression but did not differ regarding PTSD symptoms, trauma history, or parental bonding characteristics.
Confirming earlier findings, our study found personality-based Complex PTSD subtypes, which could implicate differential treatment needs and results.
复杂创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）涉及多种人格障碍，据推测这些障碍是由反复的人际创伤（如儿童虐待）引起的。由于复杂 PTSD 患者是一个异质群体，我们寻找了基于人格的具有临床相关性的亚型。
本研究使用聚类分析对诊断和统计手册精神障碍，第四版（DSM-IV），轴二特征在一个样本中的 71 名女性门诊病人与系统评估与儿童虐待有关的复杂 PTSD。
发现了两种主要亚型：适应性和非适应性。后者进一步分为退缩型、疏离型、痛苦型和攻击型亚型，其特点是不同程度的内向和抑制。在非适应性亚型中，退缩型（仅内向）亚型的复杂 PTSD 症状严重程度最低。亚型在分离和抑郁程度上存在差异，但在 PTSD 症状、创伤史或父母养育特征上没有差异。
证实了早期的发现，我们的研究发现了基于人格的复杂 PTSD 亚型，这可能暗示着不同的治疗需求和结果。
