Hall Heather R
Maternal Child Nursing Department, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA.
Issues Compr Pediatr Nurs. 2012;35(2):111-32. doi: 10.3109/01460862.2012.678263.
The diagnosis of autism for children (from birth to age 21) continues to increase, with the current rate being 1 in 110 children in the US. Besides financial strain, families often experience reduced quality of life due to disruptive behaviors related to autism. Research indicates that social support for families of children with autism improves family coping and adaptation.
A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study was conducted with 38 parents of children with autism. Using the McCubbin and Patterson (1983) model of family behavior, associations among behaviors of children with autism, community support for family, and family coping were analyzed.
Findings of this study indicate an association between increased community supports and increased family coping strategies (r=.451; p=.005). Results also suggest the levels of disruptive behaviors associated with autism vary, community support can be but is not always helpful, and that the family's ability to cope with the challenges of autism is important to the family.
儿童（从出生到21岁）自闭症的诊断率持续上升，目前在美国每110名儿童中就有1名患病。除了经济压力外，家庭往往还因与自闭症相关的破坏性行为而生活质量下降。研究表明，为自闭症儿童家庭提供社会支持可改善家庭应对能力和适应能力。
对38名自闭症儿童的家长进行了一项描述性、相关性横断面研究。采用麦库宾和帕特森（1983年）的家庭行为模型，分析了自闭症儿童行为、社区对家庭的支持与家庭应对之间的关联。
本研究结果表明，社区支持增加与家庭应对策略增加之间存在关联（r = 0.451；p = 0.005）。结果还表明，与自闭症相关的破坏性行为程度各不相同，社区支持可能有帮助，但并不总是如此，而且家庭应对自闭症挑战的能力对家庭很重要。
