Western Michigan University, 1903 West Michigan Avenue, CHHS 5333, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA.
Am J Occup Ther. 2012 May-Jun;66(3):284-91. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2012.005017.
This systematic review explored the impact of fall prevention programs and home modifications on falls and the performance of community-dwelling older adults. It was conducted as part of the American Occupational Therapy Association's Evidence-Based Practice Project. Thirty-three articles were analyzed and synthesized. The strongest results were found for multifactorial programs that included home evaluations and home modifications, physical activity or exercise, education, vision and medication checks, or assistive technology to prevent falls. Positive outcomes included a decreased rate of functional decline, a decrease in fear of falling, and an increase in physical factors such as balance and strength. The strength of the evidence for physical activity and home modification programs provided individually was moderate. Implications for practice, education, and research are also discussed.
本系统评价探讨了预防跌倒计划和家庭改造对社区居住的老年人跌倒和表现的影响。它是作为美国职业治疗协会循证实践项目的一部分进行的。对 33 篇文章进行了分析和综合。结果最强的是多因素计划，包括家庭评估和家庭改造、体育活动或锻炼、教育、视力和药物检查，或辅助技术预防跌倒。积极的结果包括功能下降率降低、跌倒恐惧减少，以及身体因素如平衡和力量增加。单独进行的体育活动和家庭改造计划的证据强度为中等。还讨论了对实践、教育和研究的影响。
