Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996-1920, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Jun;95(6):1305-14. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.031153. Epub 2012 May 2.
Dietary variety is a factor that influences consumption but has received little attention in obesity treatment.
This study examined the effect of limiting the variety of different non-nutrient-dense, energy-dense foods (NND-EDFs) (i.e., chips, ice cream, cookies) on dietary intake and weight loss during an 18-mo lifestyle intervention.
Two hundred two adults aged 51.3 ± 9.5 y with a BMI (in kg/m2) of 34.9 ± 4.3 (57.8% women, 92.2% white) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 interventions: Lifestyle (1200-1500 kcal/d, ≤30% of energy as fat; n = 101) or Lifestyle + limited variety (LV) (limit variety of NND-EDFs, i.e., 2 choices; n = 101). Both interventions involved 48 group sessions. Dietary intake, NND-EDF hedonics, NND-EDF variety in the home, and weight were assessed at 0, 6, 12, and 18 mo.
Intent-to-treat analyses showed that the Lifestyle+LV group consumed less variety (P < 0.01) and energy daily (P < 0.05) from NND-EDFs than did the Lifestyle group at 6, 12, and 18 mo. The Lifestyle+LV group consumed less total energy daily (P < 0.05) at 6 mo than did the Lifestyle group. The Lifestyle+LV group reported less (P < 0.05) NND-EDF variety in the home at 6 and 18 mo than did the Lifestyle group. The hedonics of one chosen NND-EDF decreased more (P < 0.05) in the Lifestyle+LV group. Despite these effects, no difference in percentage weight loss occurred at 18 mo (Lifestyle+LV: -9.9 ± 7.6%; Lifestyle: -9.6 ± 9.2%).
Limitations in dietary variety decreased intakes in the targeted area but did not affect weight loss. Limiting variety in more areas may be needed to improve weight loss and weight-loss maintenance. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01096719.
饮食多样性是影响食物消费的一个因素，但在肥胖治疗中却很少受到关注。
本研究旨在探讨在为期 18 个月的生活方式干预中，限制非营养密集、高能量食物（NND-EDFs）（即薯片、冰淇淋、曲奇）的种类对饮食摄入和体重减轻的影响。
202 名年龄 51.3±9.5 岁、BMI（kg/m2）为 34.9±4.3（57.8%为女性，92.2%为白人）的成年人被随机分配到 2 种干预措施之一：生活方式（1200-1500 kcal/d，脂肪供能比≤30%；n=101）或生活方式+限制多样性（LV）（限制 NND-EDFs 的种类，即 2 种选择；n=101）。两种干预措施均包括 48 次小组会议。在 0、6、12 和 18 个月时评估饮食摄入、NND-EDF 愉悦感、家中 NND-EDF 的多样性和体重。
意向治疗分析显示，与生活方式组相比，生活方式+LV 组在 6、12 和 18 个月时 NND-EDF 的摄入量（P<0.01）和每日能量摄入（P<0.05）更少。与生活方式组相比，生活方式+LV 组在 6 个月时的每日总能量摄入（P<0.05）更少。与生活方式组相比，生活方式+LV 组在 6 和 18 个月时报告的家中 NND-EDF 种类更少（P<0.05）。一种选择的 NND-EDF 的愉悦感在生活方式+LV 组中下降更多（P<0.05）。尽管有这些影响，但 18 个月时的体重减轻百分比没有差异（生活方式+LV：-9.9±7.6%；生活方式：-9.6±9.2%）。
饮食多样性的限制减少了目标区域的摄入量，但并未影响体重减轻。限制更多领域的多样性可能有助于提高体重减轻和体重维持。该试验在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册为 NCT01096719。
