Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center (SHARC), Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Braz J Infect Dis. 2012 Mar-Apr;16(2):129-35. doi: 10.1016/s1413-8670(12)70293-3.
Due to the emergence of drug resistance in herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), researchers are trying to find other methods for treating herpes simplex virus type 1 infections. Probiotic bacteria are effective in macrophage activation and may have antiviral activities.
This study aimed at verifying the direct effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, a probiotic bacterium, in comparison with Escherichia coli, a non-probiotic one, on HSV-1 infection, and determining its effect on macrophage activation for in vitro elimination of HSV-1 infection.
The above bacteria were introduced into HSV-1 infected Vero cells, and their effects were examined using both MTT and plaque assay. To determine macrophage activation against in vitro HSV-1 infection, J774 cells were exposed to these bacteria; then, macrophage viability was examined with the MTT method, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and nitric oxide (NO) assessments were performed using the ELISA method.
A significant increased viability of macrophages was observed (p < 0.05) in the presence of Lactobacillus rhamnosus before and after HSV-1 infection when compared with Escherichia coli as a non-probiotic bacterium. However, tumor necrosis factor α concentration produced by Escherichia coli-treated J774 cells was significantly higher than Lactobacillus rhamnosus-treated J774 cells (p < 0.05). interferon-gamma and NO production were not different in the groups treated with Escherichia coli or with Lactobacillus rhamnosus.
The results of this study indicate that Lactobacillus rhamnosus enhances macrophage viability for HSV-1 elimination and activation against HSV-1 more effectively, when compared with non-probiotic Escherichia coli. it also seems that receptor occupation of macrophage sites decreases HSV-1 infectivity by both of the studied bacteria.
由于单纯疱疹病毒 1（HSV-1）耐药性的出现，研究人员正在寻找其他方法来治疗单纯疱疹病毒 1 感染。益生菌细菌在巨噬细胞激活方面有效，并且可能具有抗病毒活性。
本研究旨在验证益生菌细菌鼠李糖乳杆菌与非益生菌细菌大肠杆菌相比，直接作用于单纯疱疹病毒 1 感染的效果，并确定其对巨噬细胞激活的影响，以体外消除单纯疱疹病毒 1 感染。
将上述细菌引入 HSV-1 感染的 Vero 细胞中，并用 MTT 和噬斑测定法检查其作用。为了确定针对体外 HSV-1 感染的巨噬细胞激活，将 J774 细胞暴露于这些细菌；然后，用 MTT 法检查巨噬细胞活力，并通过 ELISA 法测定肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）和一氧化氮（NO）的评估。
与非益生菌大肠杆菌相比，在 HSV-1 感染前后，存在鼠李糖乳杆菌的情况下，巨噬细胞的活力明显增加（p <0.05）。然而，用大肠杆菌处理的 J774 细胞产生的肿瘤坏死因子-α浓度明显高于用鼠李糖乳杆菌处理的 J774 细胞（p <0.05）。用大肠杆菌或鼠李糖乳杆菌处理的组中，干扰素-γ和 NO 的产生没有差异。
本研究结果表明，与非益生菌大肠杆菌相比，鼠李糖乳杆菌增强了巨噬细胞对 HSV-1 的清除和激活作用，更有效地针对 HSV-1。似乎这两种研究细菌通过占据巨噬细胞部位来减少 HSV-1 的感染性。
