167例高度近视患者的危险因素分析
Risk factor analysis of 167 patients with high myopia.
作者信息
Mo Ya, Wang Ming-Fang, Zhou Lu-Lu
机构信息
Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, China.
出版信息
Int J Ophthalmol. 2010;3(1):80-2. doi: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2010.01.19. Epub 2010 Mar 18.
AIM
To analyze the risk factors of age, sex, course, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), diopter and fundus features of high myopes with progressive high myopia.
METHODS
A total of 167 patients with high myopes were categorized into four groups: group 1, age 10-29 years; group 2, age 30-49 years; group 3, age 50-69 years and group 4, age 70-89 years. The refractive errors of all patients were measured without cycloplegia with an autorefractometer. Data of the spherical equivalent (SE) of the refractive errors in diopters (D) and fundus examined by direct ophthalmoscope were used in statistical analysis.
RESULTS
The number of female was statistically larger than that of male (P<0.01), also the disease course was correlated to the age. The visual acuity of high myopes significantly decreased as they grew older including the higher incidence of lacquer cracker, submacular hemorrhage, Fuchs spots, chorioretinal atrophy.
CONCLUSION
Female maybe a risk factor of high myopia, advanced age is an important factor of visual acuity decreased. High myopes ought to be treated early to delay the progress of myopia and development of macular degeneration.
目的
分析年龄、性别、病程、最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、屈光度及眼底特征等因素对进展性高度近视性高度近视患者的影响。
方法
将167例高度近视患者分为四组：第1组，年龄10 - 29岁；第2组，年龄30 - 49岁；第3组，年龄50 - 69岁；第4组，年龄70 - 89岁。所有患者均使用自动验光仪在未散瞳的情况下测量屈光不正。采用直接检眼镜检查眼底，将屈光不正的等效球镜度（SE）数据以屈光度（D）表示，并用于统计分析。
结果
女性患者数量在统计学上显著多于男性（P<0.01），病程也与年龄相关。高度近视患者的视力随着年龄增长显著下降，包括漆裂纹、黄斑下出血、Fuchs斑、脉络膜视网膜萎缩的发生率更高。
结论
女性可能是高度近视的一个危险因素，高龄是视力下降的一个重要因素。高度近视患者应尽早治疗，以延缓近视进展和黄斑变性的发展。
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