Ramos Juan A, Bianco Fernando J
Universidad de Carabobo, School of Health Sciences, Bárbula, Venezuela.
Indian J Urol. 2012 Jan;28(1):9-14. doi: 10.4103/0970-1591.94942.
Prostate cancer is a global public health problem, and it is the most common cancer in American men and the second cause for cancer-related death. Experimental evidence shows that prostate tissue possesses cannabinoid receptors and their stimulation results in anti-androgenic effects. To review currently relevant findings related to effects of cannabinoid receptors in prostate cancer. PubMed search utilizing the terms "cannabis," "cannabinoids," "prostate cancer," and "cancer pain management," giving preference to most recent publications was done. Articles identified were screened for their relevance to the field of prostate cancer and interest to both urologist and pain specialists. Prostate cancer cells possess increased expression of both cannabinoid 1 and 2 receptors, and stimulation of these results in decrease in cell viability, increased apoptosis, and decreased androgen receptor expression and prostate-specific antigen excretion. It would be of interest to conduct clinical studies utilizing cannabinoids for patients with metastatic prostate cancer, taking advantage not only of its beneficial effects on prostate cancer but also of their analgesic properties for bone metastatic cancer pain.
前列腺癌是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，它是美国男性中最常见的癌症，也是癌症相关死亡的第二大原因。实验证据表明，前列腺组织含有大麻素受体，对其刺激会产生抗雄激素作用。为了综述目前与大麻素受体在前列腺癌中的作用相关的研究发现，我们利用“大麻”“大麻素”“前列腺癌”和“癌症疼痛管理”等关键词在PubMed上进行了搜索，并优先选择最新发表的文献。对筛选出的文章进行评估，看其是否与前列腺癌领域相关，以及是否对泌尿科医生和疼痛专家有参考价值。前列腺癌细胞中大麻素1型和2型受体的表达均增加，刺激这些受体会导致细胞活力下降、凋亡增加、雄激素受体表达减少以及前列腺特异性抗原分泌减少。利用大麻素对转移性前列腺癌患者进行临床研究将会很有意义，这不仅是因为其对前列腺癌的有益作用，还因为其对骨转移性癌痛的镇痛特性。
