National Institute of Malaria Research, ICMR, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2012 Mar;135(3):351-8.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: A retrospective study on chikungunya outbreak in India in five States viz. Delhi, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Maharashtra and Kerala was conducted in 2007-2008 to know the distribution and determinants of chikungunya fever outbreak in India.
On the basis of high and low incidence of chikungunya fever, two districts from each State and two wards from the selected district were taken for random selection of 1000 households from 10 districts and 5 States. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to individuals, patients, qualified health professionals and to stakeholders for collecting information.
The educational background and occupation of the respondents showed variations across the study States. Only in high incidence ward of Maharashtra, water storage period for 3-6 days and emptying, drying of water containers on weekly basis was noted. The study through knowledge, attitude, belief, practice (KABP) obtained individual's perception of chikungunya fever, its prevention and control. Patients' expenditure on treatment was mainly recorded less than Rs 500 across study States. Health facility survey obtained an overview of the capacity of local health facilities. Stakeholders' perception regarding chikungunya fever was also noted.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed differences in awareness of chikungunya, cause of the disease, vector responsible, mode of transmission, biting time and elimination of breeding of mosquitoes statistically significant among high and low incidence wards of all the States. Expenditure on treatment was independent of economically active status and loss of man-days across all the States. Education and occupation did not have any relation with emptying/drying of water containers in high incidence wards. Strengthening of surveillance, information, education and communication (IEC) activities along with case management facilities may be provided by the State health department for prevention of chikungunya outbreaks in future. Stakeholders should be more involved in outbreak management and future planning.
2007-2008 年对印度五个邦（德里邦、中央邦、奥里萨邦、马哈拉施特拉邦和喀拉拉邦）的基孔肯雅热疫情进行了回顾性研究，以了解印度基孔肯雅热疫情的分布和决定因素。
根据基孔肯雅热的发病率高低，从每个邦各选择两个区，从选定的区各选择两个区，从 10 个邦和 5 个邦的 1000 户家庭中进行随机抽样。对个人、患者、合格的卫生专业人员和利益攸关方进行半结构化问卷调查，以收集信息。
受访者的教育背景和职业在研究邦之间存在差异。只有在马哈拉施特拉邦发病率较高的病房，才注意到储水时间为 3-6 天，每周清空和干燥水容器。通过知识、态度、信念、实践（KABP）的研究，获得了个人对基孔肯雅热、其预防和控制的认识。在整个研究邦，患者的治疗费用主要记录为 500 卢比以下。卫生设施调查获得了当地卫生设施能力的概述。还注意到利益攸关方对基孔肯雅热的看法。
研究结果表明，所有邦高发病率和低发病率病房的人群对基孔肯雅热的认识、疾病的病因、负责的病媒、传播途径、叮咬时间和蚊虫滋生的消除等方面存在差异，具有统计学意义。在所有邦，治疗费用与经济活动状况和人均损失无关。在高发病率病房，教育和职业与清空/干燥水容器无关。州卫生部门可以为今后的基孔肯雅热疫情提供加强监测、信息、教育和宣传（IEC）活动以及病例管理设施。利益攸关方应更多地参与疫情管理和未来规划。
