动员基于社区的健康保险，以提高印度农村地区对空气传播、病媒传播和水传播疾病的认识及预防能力。

Mobilizing community-based health insurance to enhance awareness & prevention of airborne, vector-borne & waterborne diseases in rural India.

作者信息

Panda Pradeep, Chakraborty Arpita, Dror David M

机构信息

Micro Insurance Academy, New Delhi, India.

出版信息

Indian J Med Res. 2015 Aug;142(2):151-64. doi: 10.4103/0971-5916.164235.

DOI:10.4103/0971-5916.164235

PMID:26354212

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4613436/

Abstract

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Despite remarkable progress in airborne, vector-borne and waterborne diseases in India, the morbidity associated with these diseases is still high. Many of these diseases are controllable through awareness and preventive practice. This study was an attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of a preventive care awareness campaign in enhancing knowledge related with airborne, vector-borne and waterborne diseases, carried out in 2011 in three rural communities in India (Pratapgarh and Kanpur-Dehat in Uttar Pradesh and Vaishali in Bihar).

METHODS

Data for this analysis were collected from two surveys, one done before the campaign and the other after it, each of 300 randomly selected households drawn from a larger sample of Self-Help Groups (SHGs) members invited to join community-based health insurance (CBHI) schemes.

RESULTS

The results showed a significant increase both in awareness (34%, p<0.001) and in preventive practices (48%, P=0.001), suggesting that the awareness campaign was effective. However, average practice scores (0.31) were substantially lower than average awareness scores (0.47), even in post-campaign. Awareness and preventive practices were less prevalent in vector-borne diseases than in airborne and waterborne diseases. Education was positively associated with both awareness and practice scores. The awareness scores were positive and significant determinants of the practice scores, both in the pre- and in the post-campaign results. Affiliation to CBHI had significant positive influence on awareness and on practice scores in the post-campaign period.

INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that well-crafted health educational campaigns can be effective in raising awareness and promoting health-enhancing practices in resource-poor settings. It also confirms that CBHI can serve as a platform to enhance awareness to risks of exposure to airborne, vector-borne and waterborne diseases, and encourage preventive practices.

摘要

背景与目的

尽管印度在空气传播、媒介传播和水传播疾病防治方面取得了显著进展，但这些疾病的发病率仍然很高。其中许多疾病可通过提高认识和采取预防措施加以控制。本研究旨在评估2011年在印度三个农村社区（北方邦的普拉塔普加尔和坎普尔-德哈特以及比哈尔邦的瓦伊沙利）开展的预防保健宣传活动在增强与空气传播、媒介传播和水传播疾病相关知识方面的效果。

方法

本分析的数据来自两次调查，一次在活动前进行，另一次在活动后进行，每次从受邀参加社区医疗保险（CBHI）计划的自助小组（SHG）成员的较大样本中随机抽取300户家庭。

结果

结果显示，认识水平（提高了34%，p<0.001）和预防措施（提高了48%，P=0.001）均显著提高，表明宣传活动是有效的。然而，即使在活动后，平均预防措施得分（0.31）仍大大低于平均认识水平得分（0.47）。与空气传播和水传播疾病相比，媒介传播疾病的认识和预防措施的普及程度较低。教育与认识水平得分和预防措施得分均呈正相关。在活动前和活动后的结果中，认识水平得分都是预防措施得分的积极且显著的决定因素。加入CBHI在活动后阶段对认识水平和预防措施得分有显著的积极影响。