Christakis Ioannis, Pagkratis Marios T, Varvogli Lisa, Darviri Christina, Chroussos George
Division of Investigative Science, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine, London, UK.
J Korean Surg Soc. 2012 May;82(5):312-6. doi: 10.4174/jkss.2012.82.5.312. Epub 2012 Apr 26.
Stress poses a serious risk for training surgeons since their performance and well-being in reflected in patients' health. This study focuses on measuring the stress of training surgeons and at the same time evaluates prospectively the results of an innovative program that uses alternative techniques to combat the effects of stress.
The study was a pilot randomized controlled trial, with a duration of 6 months. Participants were allocated to a control and an intervention group. Trainees then completed three questionnaires, quality of life, perceived stress scale (PSS) and job content questionnaire serving as a baseline measurement. Only the intervention group used diaphragmatic breathing and progressive muscular relaxation techniques, twice a day, for 20 minutes each, and for a total period of eight weeks. At the end of the study, the same questionnaires were completed again by both groups.
The sample of the study included 28 and 32 trainees in the control and the intervention group, respectively. The Cronbach's α value for the PSS stress-measuring questionnaire was 0.772. The intervention group presented statistically significant lower values of stress (30.50, P < 0.05) in comparison to the control group (27.54).
The medical community, and especially surgeons, have been reluctant up to now to embrace interventional programs that go beyond the traditional use of medication in order to address stress related issues. The positive results and feedback from small studies, such as ours, can provide the driving force for further research that will give us solid, evidence-based, answers.
压力对实习外科医生构成严重风险，因为他们的表现和健康状况会反映在患者的健康上。本研究着重于测量实习外科医生的压力，同时前瞻性地评估一项创新计划的效果，该计划采用替代技术来对抗压力的影响。
该研究为一项为期6个月的试点随机对照试验。参与者被分配到对照组和干预组。然后，学员们完成了三份问卷，即生活质量问卷、感知压力量表（PSS）和工作内容问卷，作为基线测量。只有干预组每天使用两次膈式呼吸和渐进性肌肉松弛技术，每次20分钟，共持续八周。在研究结束时，两组再次完成相同的问卷。
该研究样本中，对照组有28名学员，干预组有32名学员。PSS压力测量问卷的Cronbach's α值为0.772。与对照组（27.54）相比，干预组的压力值在统计学上显著较低（30.50，P < 0.05）。
到目前为止，医学界，尤其是外科医生，一直不愿意接受超越传统药物治疗来解决压力相关问题的干预计划。像我们这样的小型研究的积极结果和反馈，可以为进一步的研究提供动力，从而为我们提供坚实的、基于证据的答案。
