Department of Biology, McGill University, 3649 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, Quebec H3G 0T5, Canada.
Nat Rev Genet. 2012 Jun;13(6):383-94. doi: 10.1038/nrg3184.
Growing evidence indicates that translational control of specific mRNAs contributes importantly to genetic regulation across the breadth of cellular and developmental processes. Synthesis of protein from a specific mRNA can be controlled by RNA-binding proteins at the level of translational initiation and elongation, and translational control is also sometimes coupled to mRNA localization mechanisms. Recent discoveries from invertebrate and vertebrate systems have uncovered novel modes of translational regulation, have provided new insights into how specific regulators target the general translational machinery and have identified several new links between translational control and human disease.
越来越多的证据表明，特定 mRNA 的翻译控制对细胞和发育过程的广泛遗传调控起着重要作用。特定 mRNA 产生蛋白质的过程可以通过 RNA 结合蛋白在翻译起始和延伸水平上进行控制，翻译控制有时也与 mRNA 定位机制相关。无脊椎动物和脊椎动物系统的最新发现揭示了新的翻译调控模式，为特定调控因子如何靶向通用翻译机制提供了新的见解，并确定了翻译控制与人类疾病之间的几个新联系。
